North Carolina Science Grade 6

Chapter 18: Thermal Energy

Thermal Energy

1
Which of the following statements about thermal energy transfer is true?
A)The Sun is the only source of radiation.
B)Convection takes place most easily in solids.
C)Convection does not occur naturally.
D)When heat is transferred by conduction, particles collide but remain in the same location.
2
If the particles in an object begin to move more quickly, their average kinetic energy __________ and the object's temperature __________.
A)increases, rises
B)decreases, rises
C)decreases, falls
D)increases, falls
3
Which of the following statements is true?
A)At 0°C, molecules have no kinetic energy.
B)The equation for converting from Celsius to Kelvin is: °C = K + 273.
C)Absolute zero is equal to 0°Celsius.
D)Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature.
4
A(n) __________ is a material that does not allow heat to move through it easily.
A)insulator
B)current
C)fluid
D)conductor
5
You are plannning an experiment that must be conducted at a room temperature of 25°C. What temperature setting on the room thermostat should you select, if it uses the Fahrenheit scale?
A)68
B)77
C)70
D)46
6
__________ is the thermal energy that flows from a material with a higher temperature to one with a lower temperature.
A)Heat
B)Kinetic energy
C)Work
D)Potential energy
7
A material with which of the following specific heats will require the least heat to change its temperature?
A)1000 J/(kg K)
B)50 J/(kg K)
C)100 J/(kg K)
D)10 J/(kg K)
8
Thermal energy is the __________ of the particles in a material.
A)potential energy
B)average kinetic energy
C)temperature
D)total energy
9
What is the basis for the way a liquid thermometer measures temperature?
A)Molecular collisions cause the liquid to expand.
B)As the kinetic energy of the liquid decreases, its volume increases.
C)The pressure of the surrounding material increases the potential energy of the liquid.
D)Forced convection occurs and the level of the liquid rises.
10
Which of the following conducts heat most effectively?
A)solids and liquids
B)solids and gases
C)liquids and gases
D)gases and plasmas
11
A(n) __________ is any device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy.
A)heat engine
B)generator
C)heat pump
D)refrigerator
12
__________ is a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object.
A)Density
B)Radiation
C)Temperature
D)Conduction
13
Which of the following is the result of naturally occurring convection?
A)snow melting in your hand
B)water boiling in a copper teakettle
C)rain forests near the equator
D)Earth heated by the Sun
14
When heat is transferred, thermal energy always moves from _________.
A)cooler to warmer objects
B)solids to gases
C)solids to liquids
D)warmer to cooler objects
15
Heat pumps can __________.
A)be used in refrigerators
B)move thermal energy into or out of a building
C)only move thermal energy into a building
D)only move thermal energy out of a building
16
Energy ______________.
A)can be either created or destroyed by a heat pump
B)cannot be created or destroyed by a heat pump
C)only is created in a heat pump
D)only is destroyed in a refrigerator
17
___________ energy is stored in the bonds between atoms.
A)Chemical
B)Molecular
C)Nuclear
D)Radiant
18
On the Celsius temperature scale, the freezing point of water is ________.
A)0°
B)32°
C)100°
D)absolute zero
19
Refrigerators and air conditioners use _____________ to move heat.
A)a coolant
B)chemical energy
C)convection
D)heat engines
20
Most materials _____________ when their temperatures increase.
A)expand
B)contract
C)release heat
D)create energy
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