Earth Science Geology, the Environment, and the Universe

Chapter 19: Earthquakes

Standardized Test Practice-English

1
__________ is the force per unit area acting on a material.
A)Stress
B)Rotation
C)Strain
D)Shear
2
What does the first part of a stress-strain graph represent?
A)ductile deformation
B)shearing direction
C)failure
D)elastic deformation
3
__________ causes permanent strain.
A)Tension
B)Compression
C)Elastic deformation
D)Ductile deformation
4
__________ push and pull rocks in the same direction along which the waves are traveling.
A)Primary waves
B)Shear waves
C)Secondary waves
D)Surface waves
5
The record produced by a seismometer is called a __________.
A)seismograph
B)seismochart
C)plot
D)seismogram
6
According to the seismogram shown in the figure, which wave arrived first?
<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=gif::::/sites/dl/free/0078746361/561690/76_pswave_gm_193c.gif','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (38.0K)</a>
A)Tidal wave
B)S-wave
C)Surface wave
D)P-wave
7
Why does knowledge of Earth's interior come from seismic waves?
A)They change speed only when they encounter different materials.
B)They change speed and direction when they encounter different materials.
C)They change type when they encounter different materials.
D)They change direction and intensity when they encounter different material.
8
Why are P-waves and S-waves called body waves?
A)They pass through Earth’s interior.
B)They are only detected on Earth’s surface.
C)They have large amplitudes.
D)They have large frequencies.
9
Why are three circles needed to determine the epicenter, as shown in the figure?
<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0078746361/561760/ge19_sc3_5.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (23.0K)</a>
A)The more measurements, the better.
B)If only two circles are used, there are two possible locations.
C)Scientists always take measurements in threes.
D)The epicenter can move.
10
What type of fault is the San Andreas?
A)reverse
B)normal
C)strike slip
D)hanging
11
An earthquake that registered high on the Richter scale and low on the Mercalli scale most likely occurred in which type of location?
A)highly populated area
B)near a major body of water
C)area with few residents
D)mountainous area
12
Fractures in rock where sections of rock might suddenly move to create an earthquake are called _________
A)rifts
B)faults
C)fissures
D)crevices
13
Most of the world's major earthquakes occur in areas bordering the ________
A)Atlantic Ocean
B)Pacific Ocean
C)Indian Ocean
D)Mediterranean Sea
14
An earthquake on the ocean floor can produce a(n) _______
A)waterspout
B)undersea volcano
C)tsunami
D)hydrothermal vent
15
Which scale measures the damage done by an earthquake to determine an earthquake's intensity?
A)modified Mercalli scale
B)moment magnitude scale
C)Richter scale
D)seismic magnitude scale
Glencoe Online Learning CenterScience HomeProduct InfoSite MapContact Us

The McGraw-Hill CompaniesGlencoe

Please read our Terms of Use and Privacy Notice before you explore our Web site. To report a technical problem with this Web site, please contact the Web Producer.