Earth Science Geology, the Environment, and the Universe

Chapter 7: Weathering, Erosion, and Soil

Standardized Test Practice-English

1
According to the figure, which city in Australia will experience the most erosion by running water?
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A)Cook
B)Perth
C)Darwin
D)Cook and Darwin
2
In what type of climate does chemical weathering readily occur?
A)warm and wet
B)cool and wet
C)warm and dry
D)cool and dry
3
What type of weathering involves changes in the size or shape of the rock?
A)pressure weathering
B)chemical weathering
C)physical weathering
D)hydrolysis
4
Physical weathering rates are highest in areas with __________.
A)repeated freezing and thawing
B)cool and dry climates
C)warm and wet climates
D)warm and dry climates
5
What two substances combine to form carbonic acid?
A)methane and water
B)oxygen and carbon dioxide
C)carbon dioxide and nitrogen
D)carbon dioxide and water
6
The __________ the total surface area, the __________ chemical weathering that can occur.
A)greater, less
B)greater, same
C)greater, more
D)smaller, more
7
What human activity causes acid precipitation to form?
A)drilling for oil and natural gas
B)clear cutting
C)surface mining
D)burning of fossil fuels and motor vehicle exhaust
8
The repeated freezing and thawing of water in the cracks of rocks is called _____.
A)frost pressure
B)exfoliation
C)frost wedging
D)chemical weathering
9
Erosion has formed a small channel on the side of a slope. What is this channel called?
A)rill erosion
B)a stream bed
C)a cutbank
D)an alluvial fan
10
Eroded materials are transported, and eventually dropped in a process called ___________.
A)deposition
B)transportation
C)physical weathering
D)rill erosion
11
You find a soil sample with 50 percent sand, 20 percent silt, and 40 percent clay. Use the figure to determine the soil's texture.
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A)silt loam
B)loam
C)clay loam
D)sandy clay loam
12
__________ is the loose covering of broken rock particles and decaying organic matter that covers bedrock.
A)regolith
B)soil
C)sediment
D)a sedimentary rock
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