Earth Science Geology, the Environment, and the Universe

Chapter 5: Igneous Rock

Standardized Test Practice-English

1
What is the source of heat inside Earth that melts rocks into magma?
A)geothermal energy
B)Earth's magnetic field
C)the decay of radioactive elements
D)other molten rocks
2
Extrusive rocks have fine-grained textures because __________.
A)They cooled inside Earth's crust.
B)They cooled quickly.
C)They cooled slowly.
D)They are derived from volcanoes.
3
Which rock has an intermediate composition?
A)rhyolite
B)diorite
C)dunite
D)basalt
4
According to the figure, what happens to the melting point of rock as the depth and pressure increases?
<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=gif::::/sites/dl/free/0078746361/561676/28_melttemp_ss_050c_.gif','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (17.0K)</a>
A)it decreases gradually
B)it decreases sharply
C)it increases gradually
D)it increases sharply
5
Vesicular basalt contains holes. How did these holes form?
A)They were left behind when certain minerals melted.
B)They are spaces made by air that was mixed into the lava.
C)They were made by popping gas bubbles in the lava.
D)They formed as the lava cooled and cracked, leaving the spaces.
6
What is the temperature change in Earth's crust called?
A)geothermal gradient
B)radioactive decay
C)hydrothermal gradient
D)Thermal energy
7
Igneous rocks form from _____.
A)cementation of mineral grains
B)crystallization of magma
C)increased pressures and temperatures
D)compaction of loose sediments
8
Rocks that contain more silica melt at ________ than rocks with less silica.
A)higher pressures and lower temperatures
B)higher temperatures
C)lower temperatures
D)the same temperature
9
Which term describes igneous rocks that cooled at or near Earth's surface?
A)lava
B)molten
C)extrusive
D)intrusive
10
__________ explains the relationship between cooling magma and mineral formation.
A)Partial melting
B)Bowen's reaction series
C)Geothermal gradients
D)Branches of crystallization
11
Which has a mafic composition and a coarse-grained texture?
A)diorite
B)basalt
C)gabbro
D)obsidian
12
Igneous rock with two distinct grain sizes has a __________ texture.
A)felsic
B)fine-grained
C)porphyritic
D)coarse-grained
13
Which observation about a rock could lead you to identify it as igneous?
A)well-defined layers
B)glassy texture
C)minerals deposited by hydrothermal solutions in cracks and voids
D)made of calcite
14
Which describes the formation of gold deposits in the Sierra Nevada?
A)heat and pressure exerted on a coarse-grained metamorphic rock
B)heat and pressure compacted carbonized material
C)mineral deposited by hydrothermal solutions in quartz veins
D)highly viscous magma cooled quickly at Earth's surface
Glencoe Online Learning CenterScience HomeProduct InfoSite MapContact Us

The McGraw-Hill CompaniesGlencoe

Please read our Terms of Use and Privacy Notice before you explore our Web site. To report a technical problem with this Web site, please contact the Web Producer.