Earth Science Geology, the Environment, and the Universe

Chapter 3: Matter and Change

Standardized Test Practice-English

1
According to the figure, in which state of matter does hydrogen occur?

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A)plasma
B)solid
C)liquid
D)gas
2
What do the nuclei of some isotopes release during radioactive decay?
A)valence electrons
B)lead
C)their nuclei
D)radiation
3
What is the smallest particle of an element?
A)a neutron
B)an atom
C)an isotope
D)a proton
4
What type of atomic particle has a negative charge?
A)a neutron
B)a proton
C)an electron
D)an isotope
5
What determines the chemical behavior of an element?
A)its isotopes
B)the valence electrons
C)the size of the nucleus
D)the number of energy levels
6
What is an ion?
A)a molecule
B)an isotope
C)a charged particle
D)a gas
7
Acids produce _______ in solution.
A)oxygen ions
B)hydroxide ions
C)helium ions
D)hydrogen ions
8
What type of bond contains electrons that move freely among the ions?
A)metallic
B)ionic
C)compound
D)covalent
9
What makes an element stable?
A)if its outermost energy level is full
B)if it has the same number of neutrons and protons
C)if it has a covalent bond
D)if its nucleus is packed tightly
10
A __________ is composed of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.
A)a gas
B)molecule
C)ionic bond
D)covalent bond
11
Which of the following describes a heterogeneous mixture?
A)brewed coffee
B)cereal and milk
C)melted rock material
D)lemonade
12
The hydrogen in a star is in a form known as ___________ .
A)quark soup
B)an energy cloud
C)a maelstrom
D)plasma
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