Earth Science Geology, the Environment, and the Universe

Chapter 3: Matter and Change

Chapter Test Practice-English

1
According to the symbols shown in the figure, in which state of matter do these elements occur?
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A)Plasma
B)solid
C)liquid
D)gas
2
According to the table, which material tested underwent a chemical change when vinegar was added?
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A)baking soda
B)sugar
C)distilled water
D)cornstarch
3
Bases produce __________ in solution.
A)helium ions
B)hydrogen ions
C)oxygen ions
D)hydroxide ions
4
Which bond is formed when electrons are shared between atoms?
A)an ionic bond
B)a covalent bond
C)a compound
D)a chemical reaction
5
The number of protons in an atom's nucleus is the __________.
A)radioactivity number
B)isotopic number
C)atomic number
D)mass number
6
What determines the chemical behavior of an element?
A)its isotopes
B)the valence electrons
C)the size of the nucleus
D)the number of energy levels
7
What is a gas that is composed of positive ions and free electrons?
A)hydrogen
B)water vapor
C)neon
D)plasma
8
What is a solid that has particles arranged in regular geometric patterns?
A)a gas
B)molecule
C)an ionic compound
D)a covalent bond
9
What is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances while still retaining all the characteristics of the original substance?
A)a solid
B)matter
C)a gas
D)an element
10
What particle(s) make up the nucleus of an atom?
A)electrons only
B)neutrons and electrons
C)protons and neutrons
D)protons only
11
What process changes a solid directly into a gas?
A)evaporation
B)sublimation
C)melting
D)condensation
12
What type of bond is shown in the figure?
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A)hydrogen
B)ionic
C)metallic
D)covalent
13
When a gas cools, it __________ thermal energy in the process of __________.
A)gains, sublimation
B)gains, condensation
C)releases, evaporation
D)releases, condensation
14
Why is a water molecule often shown as having a bent shape?
A)It occurs in one of three states.
B)It's a compound.
C)It has ionic bonds.
D)It's a polar molecule.
15
According to the symbols shown in the figure, in which state of matter do these elements occur?
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A)plasma
B)solid
C)liquid
D)gas
16
Which of the following describes a heterogeneous mixture?
A)brewed coffee
B)cereal and milk
C)melted rock material
D)lemonade
17
What type of bond is shown in the figure?
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A)ionic
B)metallic
C)hydrogen
D)covalent
18
A(n) __________ is composed of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.
A)gas
B)molecule
C)polyatomic ion
D)element
19
According to the figure, which three elements are most abundant in Earth’s crust?
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A)oxygen, silicon, aluminum
B)magnesium, oxygen, aluminum
C)iron, oxygen, silicon
D)calcium, potassium, nitrogen
20
Matter can change state under different thermal conditions. Which of the following best describes how the amount of matter present is affected by a change of state?
A)The amount of matter decreases when it becomes solid or liquid.
B)Some matter disappears each time it changes state.
C)The amount of matter stays the same as it is changed from one form to another.
D)The amount of matter increases when it becomes a gas.
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