Biology (Raven), 10th Edition

Chapter 48: The Respiratory System

Pre-Test

1
What is the greatest distance over which diffusion alone can meet metabolic demands for oxygen?
A)0.5 mm.
B)5.0 mm.
C)0.5 cm.
D)5.0 cm.
E)0.5 m.
2
Which of the following is NOT a way to increase the efficiency of a respiratory system?
A)Increase the surface area available for diffusion of gases.
B)Decrease the distance over which the gases must diffuse.
C)Increase the concentration gradient of the gases on the two sides of the diffusion surface.
D)Manipulate membrane permeability in order to reduce the molecule-specific diffusion constant.
E)All of these will increase respiratory efficiency.
3
Which of the following respiratory systems is the most efficient at obtaining oxygen from its environment?
A)mammal lungs
B)reptile lungs
C)amphibian lungs
D)bird lungs
E)fish gills
4
Which of the following animals have tracheae as their respiratory system?
A)grasshoppers
B)earthworms
C)echinoderms
D)mollusks
E)None of the choices are correct.
5
Which of the following is NOT true of the molecule hemoglobin?
A)Hemoglobin loads up with oxygen in the alveolar capillaries.
B)Approximately 97% of hemoglobin in red blood cells is in the form of oxyhemoglobin.
C)Hemoglobin has a lower affinity for oxygen at higher temperatures.
D)Each molecule of hemoglobin can carry one molecule of oxygen.
E)Roughly one-fifth of the oxygen carried by hemoglobin is unloaded to the tissues.
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