The West in the World, 4th Edition (Sherman)

Chapter 22: Descending into the Twentieth Century

Multiple Choice Quiz

1
All of the following factors contributed to the outbreak of war in 1914 EXCEPT
A)nationalism.
B)the alliance system.
C)military buildup.
D)communism.
2
The interests of which two countries clashed in the Balkans?
A)Austria and Germany
B)Russia and Austria
C)Austria and Britain
D)France and Russia
3
Which country mobilized its troops first in 1914?
A)Austria
B)Germany
C)Russia
D)France
4
At the Battle of the Marne in 1914, German troops
A)successfully carried out the Schlieffen Plan.
B)captured Paris.
C)drove back the Russians.
D)were pushed back by the French and stuck with a two-front war.
5
Battles such as Verdun and the Somme resulted in
A)decisive German victories.
B)decisive Allied victories.
C)major movements of the front line.
D)massive casualties.
6
In the Zimmerman note, the Germans offered to give which country U.S. territory if it attacked the United States?
A)Austria
B)Italy
C)Mexico
D)Brazil
7
The major decisions at the Paris Peace Conference were made by the leaders of
A)France, Russia, Great Britain, and the United States.
B)Italy, Great Britain, the United States, and Russia.
C)Great Britain, the United States, Italy, and France.
D)Czechoslovakia, Great Britain, Italy, and the United States.
8
Which of the following countries was NOT created or re-created by the Treaty of Versailles?
A)Bosnia
B)Yugoslavia
C)Poland
D)Czechoslovakia
9
________ hoped to sign a peace according to his so-called "Fourteen Points," which called for self-determination and armaments reduction
A)Woodrow Wilson
B)Georges Clemenceau
C)David Lloyd George
D)Vittorio Orlando
10
The economist John Maynard Keynes's major criticism of the Treaty of Versailles was that it
A)created new nation-states.
B)made no provision for economic restoration of Europe.
C)included a "war guilt" clause.
D)was a "hard" rather than a "just" peace.
11
Industrialization was encouraged in the Russian Empire during the nineteenth century through the aggressive policies of
A)Nicholas II.
B)Leon Trotsky.
C)Alexander II.
D)Sergei Witte.
12
In 1905 after the violence of Bloody Sunday, Russia experienced a revolution characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
A)the formation of soviets by workers.
B)the creation of a provisional government.
C)mutinies by soldiers and sailors.
D)peasant revolts.
13
In 1915, Nicholas II of Russia further weakened the monarchy by making a somewhat desperate decision to
A)mobilize Russian troops.
B)take personal command of the Russian army.
C)issue reforms.
D)order guards to fire on a demonstration of workers.
14
During demonstrations against the government in March 1917, Russian troops
A)fired on the crowds.
B)took Nicholas and his family as prisoners.
C)demanded to return to the front line in order to stop the German army.
D)were reluctant to fire on the crowds, and some actually joined the demonstrators.
15
After the fall of the Russian government in March 1917, what type of political organization was formed by moderate liberals?
A)a Duma
B)a soviet
C)a provisional government
D)a constitutional monarchy
16
After the Russian government fell and the tsar abdicated in March 1917, Russian peasants reacted by
A)seizing land.
B)marching on Petrograd in support of the tsar.
C)heeding provisional government requests to wait for land-redistribution legislation.
D)trying to enlist in the armed forces.
17
Lenin believed that the Bolshevik Party should be
A)a mass workers' party.
B)backing the provisional government during this chaotic period.
C)in support of fighting the war until Germany was defeated.
D)an elite group of dedicated Marxist revolutionaries capable of leading the masses.
18
In July of 1917, the provisional government was threatened by
A)a massive popular demonstration.
B)a coup led by General Kornilov.
C)a German offensive.
D)a takeover by the Bolshevik leadership.
19
After the Bolsheviks failed to win a majority, Lenin ordered the Red Army to disperse the
A)soviet.
B)Duma.
C)Constituent Assembly.
D)Second Congress.
20
Lenin ended the war with Germany, and in the process lost much territory, people, and resources, through
A)the Treaty of Versailles.
B)the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
C)his agreement to be returned to Russia in 1917.
D)issuance of Order Number 1.
21
World War I has been described as the world's first "total war," in which defeat was less the result of military disaster than the result of economic collapse and the collapse of the will to fight. Which of the following was the first great power to bow out of the war because of domestic economic and political problems?
A)Russia
B)France
C)Austria-Hungary
D)Germany
22
During World War I, the belligerent powers needed to churn out unprecedented amounts of bullets, guns, and machines in order to keep the war effort going. Which of the following was NOT one of the techniques used by European governments to meet wartime economic demands?
A)They relied on the free market.
B)They increased the employment of women.
C)They developed synthetic substitutes for needed commodities.
D)They relied on forced labor.
Sherman: The West in the World, Fourth Edition
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