Technology: Engineering & Design

Chapter 27: Agricultural Technologies

Self-Check Quizzes

1.
Which type of organism is typically the result of selective breeding?
A)new species
B)twin
C)hybrid
D)clone
2.
Which practice would organic farming embrace?
A)using synthetic fertilizers
B)incorporating hormones and antibiotics into the feed of livestock
C)introducing beneficial insects to control harmful ones
D)planting seeds of genetically engineered crops
3.
Which example illustrates bioremediation?
A)introducing probiotics into milk to produce yogurt
B)growing tomatoes in a nutrient solution in a highly controlled environment
C)irradiating food with X-rays to kill pathogens
D)introducing genetically engineered bacteria into an oil spill to "eat" the petroleum
4.
In a lab, genetic scientists insert a gene from a tropical tree into a cotton plant to make it resistant to insects. The resulting cotton plant can be described as
A)transgenic.
B)enzymatic.
C)monocultured.
D)clonal.
5.
A bacterium has been genetically altered to produce a hormone that is useful for treating a particular human disorder. This scenario describes
A)cloning.
B)selective breeding.
C)controlled environment agriculture.
D)pharming.
6.
In genetic engineering, a special protein is used to "snip" a gene out of the DNA of one organism and to "glue" it into the DNA of another. This protein is a(n)
A)mutant.
B)enzyme.
C)hybrid.
D)xenotransplant.
7.
Thermal depolymerization is a technology that
A)cleanses tainted land or water.
B)converts trash into high-quality fuel oil.
C)uses heat to break apart strands of DNA.
D)produces environment-friendly pesticides.
8.
A car is engineered to run on ethanol that is up to 85 percent ethyl alcohol; alternatively, it can run on pure gasoline or on ethanol with a lower percentage of alcohol content. This car is classed as a
A)hybrid.
B)regenerative vehicle.
C)flex fuel vehicle.
D)vehicle with a high fuel efficiency rating.
9.
Farming in the United States and other advanced industrialized countries is characterized by
A)widespread use of beasts of burden.
B)large pools of farm labor.
C)rejection of all synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.
D)mechanization and a small workforce.
10.
The technology known as recombinant DNA is characterized by
A)breeding animals from different species.
B)introducing sterile insects into populations of harmful insects.
C)producing identical copies of parent cells.
D)gene splicing for the purpose of producing organisms with desired traits.
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