The American Republic Since 1877 © 2007

Chapter 1: Converging Cultures, Prehistory to 1620

Converging Cultures, Prehistory to 1620

1
Which of the following does NOT describe why scientists believe that the earliest Americans migrated from Asia?
A)DNA testing of ancient bones found in North America suggests that their ethnic origins are Asian.
B)During the Ice Age, a land bridge connected Asia with what is today Alaska.
C)Arrowheads found in Folsom, New Mexico, proved that people were in North America at least 10,000 years ago.
D)Researchers believe that nomadic hunters following large game could have crossed Beringia into North America.

2
Cahokia, one of the largest cities built by the __________, supported an estimated 16,000 people.
A)Toltec
B)Aztec
C)Hopewell
D)Mississippian

3
Western Europeans studied __________ to construct the astrolabe-an instrument for determining direction, latitude, and local time.
A)nature
B)Arab texts
C)Chinese documents
D)new technologies

4
The earliest African empire to emerge was that of the __________ people in Ghana in the A.D. 400s.
A)Soninke
B)Malinke
C)Sorko
D)Edo

5
Why weren’t Viking explorers able to establish permanent colonies in the Americas?
A)They were unable to successfully cross the violent North Atlantic Ocean.
B)They lacked sufficient financial backing.
C)Native Americans opposed their attempts at colonization.
D)They did not have the navigational technology of the Renaissance period.

6
What was the result of the Treaty of Tordesillas?
A)It allowed Columbus to make unlimited trips to the Americas.
B)It gave all of America to Portugal.
C)It confirmed Spain’s claims to most of the newly discovered lands of America.
D)It confirmed Pope Alexander VI as the ruler of the Americas.

7
Impacts of the Columbian Exchange included all of the following EXCEPT __________.
A)Native Americans gaining new foods and weapons
B)Europeans gaining new foods such as corn, sweet potatoes, and squash
C)Europeans learning how to use potatoes to increase food production
D)Native Americans gaining medical technologies that helped them fight disease

8
The Spanish were able to conquer the Aztec for all the following reasons EXCEPT __________.
A)the Spanish had superior weapons
B)the Spanish had horses
C)disease weakened the Aztec
D)the Spanish outnumbered the Aztec

9
The people of Spain’s colonies formed a highly structured society, with __________, people born in Spain, appointed to most of the higher government and church positions.
A)criollos
B)peninsulares
C)mestizos
D)encomenderos

10
What distinguished the early French colonists from Spanish colonists?
A)The French tried to convert Native Americans to Christianity.
B)The French colonists built farms and expanded their colonies rapidly.
C)Many French colonists lived among the Native Americans.
D)French colonists formed very structured societies.
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