Biology (Mader), 10th Edition

Chapter 13: Regulation of Gene Activity

Post-Test

1
The _____ model proposed by Jacob and Monod explains gene regulation in prokaryotes.
A)endosymbiotic
B)cohesion-tension
C)operon
D)fluid mosaic
2
The short sequence of DNA where RNA polymerase first attaches when a gene is to be transcribed is called the _____.
A)promoter
B)operator
C)active site
D)replication fork
3
The lac operon _____.
A)is turned on in the presence of lactose
B)is an inducible operon
C)has three structural genes in it
D)All of the above
4
After DNA is transcribed and preliminary mRNA is formed, _____ control occurs in the nucleus.
A)transcriptional
B)posttranscriptional
C)translational
D)All of these
5
Changes that the polypeptide must experience before it is biologically functional are a part of _____ control of gene expression.
A)transcriptional
B)posttranscriptional
C)translational
D)posttranslational
6
If a point mutation occurs midway through the DNA code for a protein and a stop codon results, the protein will _____.
A)function normally
B)be incomplete
C)have a different sequence of amino acids
7
Nonfunctional proteins are responsible for _____.
A)cystic fibrosis
B)phenylketonuria
C)androgen insensitivity
D)All of the above
8
A change in a single DNA nucleotide _____.
A)may have no effect on the individual
B)is called a frameshift mutation
C)always results in a non-functional protein
D)All of these
9
The most frequently mutated tumor-suppressor gene in human cancers is the _____.
A)ras oncogene
B)RB gene
C)p53 gene
D)BRCA1 gene
10
Oncogenes _____.
A)may code for a faulty receptor
B)stimulate uncontrolled cell growth
C)may produce an abnormal protein product
D)All of the above
11
The prevention of cancer may be accomplished by _____.
A)high-fiber foods
B)eating more fruits and vegetables
C)less sunbathing
D)All of these
12
Thymine dimers are caused by _____.
A)UV radiation
B)X-rays
C)organic chemicals in tobacco smoke
D)All of these
13
Very few spontaneous mutations occur during DNA replication because of the proofreading done by _____.
A)helicase
B)RNA polymerase
C)DNA ligase
D)DNA polymerase
14
A condensed, inactive X chromosome is referred to as _____.
A)a telomere
B)euchromatin
C)a Barr body
D)a transposon
15
The amount of protein produced depends on _____.
A)how long it takes mRNA to leave the nucleus
B)how long mRNA remains active in the nucleus
C)how long the DNA polymerase is active
D)None of these are correct.
16
Differential processing of the primary mRNA and the speed with which the mature mRNA leaves the nucleus affects the _____ control of gene expression.
A)transcriptional
B)posttranscriptional
C)translational
D)posttranslational
17
The lac operon's promoter is better exposed to RNA polymerase when _____ binds to the DNA next to lac promoter.
A)ATP
B)glucose
C)a catabolic activator protein
D)tryptophan
18
In the lac operon, when the repressor is altered, the _______.
A)genes for the three digestive enzymes cannot be transcribed
B)repressor cannot bind to the promoter or operator
C)concentration of lactose is low
D)All of these are correct.
19
Which of the following statements is false?
A)Proto-oncogenes code for proteins that signal other cells to divide.
B)Proto-oncogenes code for regulating proteins that involve cell adhesions.
C)Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that regulate cell growth and development.
D)Proto-oncogenes are cancer genes.
20
In sickle cell anemia, a point mutation occurs which replaces the amino acid valine with glutamic acid. In which level of protein structure does this mutation physically occur first?
A)Quaternary
B)Tertiary
C)Secondary
D)Primary
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