The Science of Psychology: An Appreciative View, AP* Edition (King), 3rd Edition

Chapter 8: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

Applied Multiple Choice Questions

Your Results:

The correct answer for each question is indicated by a .

1			In French, the phrase "Haven't the police found you yet?" is written "La police, ne t'a pas encore trouvé?" Since French speakers arrange words differently than English speakers, the literal translation is "The police, not you have yet found?" In other words, French and English speakers use different rules, called _____, to govern word order.
			A)	morphemes
			B)	phonemes
			C)	syntax
			D)	displacement
2			While trying to learn what a "dog" is, Arash mentally compares every animal to his family's new puppy. If the animal is similar enough, he decides that it is also a dog. Arash's puppy serves as a _____ for the concept of "dog."
			A)	proposition
			B)	heuristic
			C)	concept
			D)	prototype
3			Charlotte is a jeweler, and a friend asks if she knows where violet diamonds come from. Charlotte replies that she has never seen a violet diamond, so they must not exist. Charlotte's _____ reasoning may be in error.
			A)	premise
			B)	conceptual
			C)	inductive
			D)	deductive
4			Whenever Leslie's father gets home before 6 P.M., she knows he finished work early and will probably be in a good mood. The last two times he came home early, he took Leslie to dinner. Leslie hears her father's car pull into the garage at 5:30 P.M. and thinks, "We're going out to dinner!" Leslie is using
			A)	deductive reasoning.
			B)	inductive reasoning.
			C)	general reasoning.
			D)	invalid reasoning.
5			Margaret took the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-III) and was told that she has an IQ of 90. Margaret is certain this proves that her teachers are grading her unfairly when they give her Cs. Margaret's friend Latisha explained that an IQ of 90 is not the same as a 90%. Instead, it means that Margaret's
			A)	score is actually at the 9th percentile, which suggests she is developmentally disabled.
			B)	score is actually above the 90th percentile, and her IQ is very high.
			C)	IQ test was invalid, since it is not possible to get a 90.
			D)	score falls at about the 25th percentile, and her IQ is slightly below average.
6			Sean is fascinated by his classes on psychological assessment. He's curious about what sorts of information processing and cognitive processes make one "intelligent." He would probably like a class or career dealing with
			A)	cognitive processes theories.
			B)	multiple intelligences theory.
			C)	psychometrics.
			D)	metacomponents.
7			Shamus grew up in an impoverished neighborhood with a lot of crime and poor educational opportunities. Because everyone fought over the few available resources, sometimes the only way to stay alive was to fight or steal. Shamus wants to go to college so he can build a better life for himself. When he begins taking classes, he's stunned by how few "street smarts" his classmates have. They might get better grades than he does, he thinks, but they wouldn't survive a week in the environment in which he grew up. According to Sternberg, about what kind of intellectual competence is Shamus thinking?
			A)	analytical intelligence
			B)	creative intelligence
			C)	practical intelligence
			D)	naturalist intelligence
8			Mitch needs to get his taxes sent out by April 15th. He decides that he will have all of his material ready to bring to the accountant by February 1st. He will set up an initial meeting with the accountant on March 1st and follow-up meeting to finalize his return on April 1st. He can then send his return to the IRS by the deadline. Mitch is most clearly using _____ to help him meet the tax deadline.
			A)	inductive reasoning
			B)	deductive reasoning
			C)	subgoaling
			D)	the prototype model
9			When Carl talks to his girlfriend on the phone he says things like "wuz up baby" and "love ya lots hottie." When he meets her parents for the first time he says "how are you Mr. and Mrs. Jones" and "it is a great pleasure to finally meet you." Carl's change in language choices is an example of
			A)	syntax.
			B)	semantics.
			C)	pragmatics.
			D)	extreme male brain theory.
10			Uma just broke up with her long-time boyfriend and is very upset. To deal with the stress of losing her love, she tries to think about the good things that came from the relationship (like learning to surf and all the traveling they did) instead of the negatives (all the fighting and heart ache). Uma is most clearly engaging in
			A)	cognitive reappraisal.
			B)	primary appraisal.
			C)	secondary appraisal.
			D)	tertiary appraisal.

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