Introduction To Physical Science

Chapter 15: Thermal Energy

Thermal Energy

1
The opposite of evaporation is __________.
A)condensation
B)conduction
C)radiation
D)convection
2
Which of the following statements about thermal energy transfer is true?
A)The Sun is the only source of radiation.
B)Convection takes place most easily in solids.
C)Convection does not occur naturally.
D)When heat is transferred by conduction, particles collide but remain in the same location.
3
If the particles in an object begin to move more quickly, their average kinetic energy __________ and the object's temperature __________.
A)increases, rises
B)decreases, rises
C)decreases, falls
D)increases, falls
4
Which of the following statements is true?
A)At 0°C, molecules have no kinetic energy.
B)The equation for converting from Celsius to Kelvin is: °C = K + 273.
C)Absolute zero is equal to 0°Celsius.
D)Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature.
5
A(n) __________ is a material that does not allow heat to move through it easily.
A)insulator
B)current
C)fluid
D)conductor
6
You are plannning an experiment that must be conducted at a room temperature of 25°C. What temperature setting on the room thermostat should you select, if it uses the Fahrenheit scale?
A)68
B)77
C)70
D)46
7
__________ is the thermal energy that flows from a material with a higher temperature to one with a lower temperature.
A)Heat
B)Kinetic energy
C)Work
D)Potential energy
8
The __________ of a substance is the temperature at which a solid begins to liquefy.
A)boiling point
B)heat of fusion
C)heat of vaporization
D)melting point
9
A material with which of the following specific heats will require the least heat to change its temperature?
A)1000 J/(kg K)
B)50 J/(kg K)
C)100 J/(kg K)
D)10 J/(kg K)
10
Thermal energy is the __________ of the particles in a material.
A)potential energy
B)average kinetic energy
C)temperature
D)total energy
11
What is the basis for the way a mercury thermometer measures temperature?
A)Molecular collisions cause the mercury to expand.
B)As the kinetic energy of the liquid mercury decreases, its volume increases.
C)The pressure of the surrounding material increases the potential energy of the mercury.
D)Forced convection occurs and the level of the mercury rises.
12
Which of the following conducts heat most effectively?
A)solid
B)liquid
C)plasma
D)gas
13
Which of the following is a form of matter?
A)air
B)heat
C)light
D)energy
14
Which of the following atomic particles is instrumental in the transfer of thermal energy?
A)nucleus
B)electron
C)proton
D)neutron
15
A(n) __________ is any device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy.
A)engine
B)generator
C)heat pump
D)refrigerator
16
__________ is a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object.
A)Density
B)Radiation
C)Temperature
D)Conduction
17
The amount of energy needed to change a substance from a solid phase to a liquid phase is __________.
A)melting point
B)heat of vaporization
C)heat of fusion
D)heat of transformation
18
Which of the following is the result of convection?
A)snow melting in your hand
B)water boiling in a copper teakettle
C)rain forests near the equator
D)Earth heated by the Sun
19
__________ is an increase in the size of a substance when the temperature is increased.
A)Diffusion
B)Thermal expansion
C)Kinetic fusion
D)Buoyancy
20
The energy required to change a liquid to a gas is __________.
A)boiling point
B)heat of fusion
C)heat of sublimation
D)heat of vaporization
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