Earth Science Geology, the Environment, and the Universe

Chapter 17: Plate Tectonics

Chapter Test Practice-English

1
__________ is a device that can detect changes in the strength of the magnetic field.
A)GPS
B)sonar
C)magnetometer
D)satellite
2
According to the data shown in the figure, what was Earth's magnetic polarity like 5 million years ago?
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A)there was no magnetic field
B)the reverse of today
C)the same as today
D)pointing in an east-west direction
3
An expedition brings up a piece of rock from the Gauss normal epoch. According to the figure, what is the probability that it came from a time when the magnetic field is the same as today?
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A)very likely
B)unlikely
C)likely
D)highly unlikely
4
The theory of _____ explains how ocean crust is formed and destroyed.
A)continental drift
B)continental movement
C)seafloor spreading
D)plate tectonics
5
How are the convection currents set in motion?
A)slab push and ridge pull
B)slab push
C)the heat from radioactive decay
D)spreading mid-ocean ridges
6
Identify the subduction zone in the figure.
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A)A
B)C
C)B
D)D
7
Places where two tectonic plates are moving away from each other are called __________.
A)convergent boundaries
B)divergent boundaries
C)earthquake boundaries
D)transform boundaries
8
The map shows where the continents are likely to move in the next 50 million years. The shaded area represents their present position. According to the data on this map, what kind of boundary is found between the Americas and Africa?
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A)subduction
B)divergent
C)transform
D)convergent
9
The thickness of ocean sediments that are close to a mid-ocean ridge is __________ the thickness of ocean sediments that are far from mid-ocean ridges.
A)more than
B)the same as
C)always 100 times
D)less than
10
What evidence did Wegener use to estimate the time of Pangaea's break up?
A)magnetic isochrons
B)coal deposits
C)ocean-floor topography
D)fossil data
11
What is an isochron?
A)a line on a seafloor map that connects points of equal age
B)a point on a seafloor map that has a magnetic reversal
C)a line on a seafloor map that connects points of equal elevation
D)a line on a seafloor map that marks a mid-ocean ridge
12
What is the name of Alfred Wegener's hypothesis about moving landmasses?
A)continental movement
B)plate tectonics
C)continental drift
D)seafloor spreading
13
What is the process called when one plate is forced beneath another at a convergent plate boundary?
A)transformation
B)subduction
C)convergence
D)subtraction
14
What is thought to be the driving mechanism of plate movement?
A)volcanoes
B)conduction of heat in the mantle
C)continental drifting
D)convection currents in the mantle
15
What was one reason that Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift was rejected?
A)He could not explain what was moving the continents.
B)He could not support the idea that climates of certain landmasses had been different .
C)He could not support that the continents were once adjacent.
D)He could not explain where the continents had moved.
16
When a divergent plate boundary forms on continents, a __________ forms.
A)crater
B)volcano
C)mid-continent ridge
D)rift valley
17
Which type of information was NOT collected by Wegener to support his continental drift hypothesis?
A)fossils
B)seafloor magnetic data
C)rocks
D)glacial deposits
18
What evidence did Wegener use to suggest that Antarctica had once been closer to the equator?
A)fossils of ice age animals
B)freshwater reptile fossils
C)presence of coal beds
D)layers of sandstone and limestone
19
The subduction of an oceanic plate beneath a continental plate produces a(n) _____.
A)chain of volcanic mountains
B)chain of non-volcanic mountains
C)inland sea
D)rift valley
20
The tremendous amount of heat within Earth powers _____.
A)plate tectonics
B)ocean currents
C)weather patterns
D)all of the above
21
The geologic features on the ocean floor resulted from ____.
A)colliding plates in the lithosphere
B)sinking iron and magnesium in the lithosphere
C)cooler temperatures in the mantle
D)rising convection currents in the magma
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