Glencoe Physical Science with Earth Science

Chapter 20: Earth Materials

Earth Materials

1
What is the most common group of minerals?
A)carbonates
B)sulfates
C)oxides
D)silicates
2
What is the common term for halite?
A)silica
B)limestone
C)pepper
D)salt
3
What property is affected by the mineral's crystalline structure?
A)cleavage
B)color
C)luster
D)silicates
4
Which mineral would rank the highest on Moh's Scale.
A)Gypsum
B)Fluorite
C)Talc
D)Apatite
5
Which property is not a characteristic of a mineral
A)naturally occurring
B)definite crystalline structure
C)definite chemical composition
D)organically formed
6
What is the name of an intrusive igneous rock with a high silica content.
A)granite
B)rhyolite
C)basalt
D)gabbro
7
What does a porphyritic texture tell you about how a rock formed?
A)the rock in intrusive
B)The rock formed at two different stages, both intrusively and extrusively.
C)The rock is extrusive
D)The rock is not volcanic.
8
How is the vesicular texture of an igneous rock formed?
A)erosion
B)release of gas
C)intrusive formation
D)weak chemical bonds
9
What are two common elements in basalt and gabbro?
A)iron and silica
B)silica and aluminum
C)magnesium and iron
D)oxygen and aluminum
10
According to Bowen's Reaction Series, what mineral groups are most stable in high temperature regimes?
A)olivine and pyroxene
B)olivine and sodium-rich plagioclase
C)calcium-rich plagioclase and olivine
D)plagioclase and quartz
11
Through what process does chemical sedimentary rock form?
A)cementation of sand
B)evaporation
C)compaction of clasts
D)condensation
12
What does the term sand refer?
A)mineral composition
B)grain size
C)rock classification
D)quartz
13
What two processes work together to form most sedimentary rocks?
A)compaction and evaporation
B)compaction and cementation
C)evaporation and cementation
D)cementation and porosity
14
Which grain size is least likely to settle out of swift moving water?
A)gravel
B)silt
C)sand
D)clay
15
Which is an example of a biochemical sedimentary rock?
A)sandstone
B)siltstone
C)basalt
D)limestone
16
What are two main contributing factors to creating a metamorphic rock?
A)changes in temperature and pressure
B)changes in temperature and water content
C)changes in pressure and chemical composition
D)changes in chemical composition and color
17
As rocks are metamorphosed, what is a common result
A)change in color
B)mineral grain alignment
C)change in chemical composition
D)fracturing
18
What is the classic foliated rock sequence?
A)shale, slate, phyllite, schist, and gneiss
B)shale, slate, schist, gneiss, and phyllite
C)clay, garnet, biotite, and mica
D)slate, shale, phyllite, and gneiss
19
Which sequence describes a nonfoliated metamorphic rock.
A)limestone to quartzite
B)limestone to marble
C)quartzite to marble
D)sandstone to limestone
20
What cycle describes the transformation of one type of rock into another.
A)The carbon cycle
B)Bowen's Reaction Cycle
C)Mohs Scale
D)The rock cycle.
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