Marine Biology (Castro), 9th Edition

Chapter 9: Marine Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals

Chapter Quiz

1
Marine tetrapod vertebrates do not have:
A)Shelled eggs.
B)Feathers.
C)Flippers.
D)Gills.
2
Sea turtles must leave the oceans to lay eggs.
A)True
B)False
3
Sea turtles swim by means of:
A)A large tail.
B)Flippers.
C)Flukes.
D)Undulation.
4
The other major predators of sea turtles besides humans are:
A)Killer whales.
B)Great white sharks.
C)Land crabs and birds.
D)Sea snakes.
5
When they are ready to lay eggs green sea turtles, migrate to the nearest isolated sandy beach that they happen to encounter.
A)True
B)False
6
All 7 species of sea turtles are threatened, and 4 of the species are actually endangered.
A)True
B)False
7
Marine iguanas can feed in cold ocean water because they warm up by basking in the sun on rocks.
A)True
B)False
8
The most dangerous marine reptile is the _____ which cause the most injuries to humans.
A)Marine iguana.
B)Komodo dragon.
C)Sea snake.
D)Saltwater crocodile.
9
Most seabirds breed in large colonies on land, and form life-long pair bonding.
A)True
B)False
10
Emperor penguins keep their eggs warm by which of these means?
A)Retaining them in a brood pouch
B)Building a large protected nest
C)Placing them between their feet and lower body
D)Lining the nest with down
11
Penguins are found mostly in the Antarctic and Arctic regions.
A)True
B)False
12
A penguin uses its wings for:
A)Long-distance flying.
B)Hopping.
C)Swimming.
D)Walking.
13
Tubenose birds have which of the following that gulls do not?
A)Long neck.
B)The ability to fly.
C)Salt glands.
D)Heavy beak.
14
A waste-product generated by seabirds that is actually mined for use by humans as fertilizer is:
A)Egg shells
B)Feathers
C)Guano
D)Fish bones
15
Some seabirds migrate as much as 16,000 km from one polar region to the other, and thus may never experience a polar winter.
A)True
B)False
16
Mammals constitute the largest group of vertebrates in terms of number of species.
A)True
B)False
17
Seals retain body heat by means of
A)Thick fur.
B)Blubber.
C)Oil glands.
D)Down.
18
Unlike a true seal, a sea lion has:
A)External ears.
B)Mammary glands.
C)Paddle-shaped flippers.
D)A pair of tusks.
19
Fossils of the earliest whales do not have blowhole nostrils.
A)True
B)False
20
The skeleton of a modern whale has
A)No rear limb bones.
B)Very small vestigial rear limb bones.
C)Small front flippers.
D)No blowhole.
21
Which of these great whales eats squid?
A)Blue.
B)Gray.
C)Sperm.
D)Humpback.
22
Baleen whales have very long, hard teeth for straining small animals from the ocean.
A)True
B)False
23
The pleated throat of many baleen whales is used like an expanding accordion to draw in large amounts of water and food.
A)True
B)False
24
Dolphins are not able to
A)Learn from observation.
B)Use echolocation.
C)Form complex societies.
D)Filter food through bristles in the mouth.
25
Cetaceans swim by moving their tails up and down while fishes move theirs side to side.
A)True
B)False
26
Manatees eat which of these?
A)Seagrasses.
B)Mangroves.
C)Clams.
D)Plankton.
27
Adaptations for deep diving in marine mammals do not include which of these?
A)light-producing organs
B)Oxygen storage in muscles
C)Collapsible lungs
D)Efficient air exchange at the surface
28
A mysterious behavior among whales and dolphins that can lead to their death is:
A)breaching
B)echolocation
C)beaching
D)migration
29
Which of these is a Sirenian?
A)A seal
B)A saltwater crocodile
C)humpback whale
D)Dugong
30
Echolocation is used not only by most toothed whales, but also by some pinnipeds and probably some baleen whales.
A)True
B)False
31
It is thought that cetaceans produce a mental "picture" of objects using both echolocation sounds and sight and that these sensations are handled similarly by their brains.
A)True
B)False
32
Most cetacean calves are born head-first in order for the newborn to quickly gulp in air at the surface.
A)True
B)False
33
Pinnipeds often exhibit harem breeding with a dominant male mating with many females and fighting off other males.
A)True
B)False
34
Pinnipeds generally breed
A)In the open ocean water.
B)In family groups at sea.
C)In colonies.
D)Only at night.
35
Which of these countries still has a whaling industry and hunts minke whales?
A)Japan
B)U.S.A.
C)Australia
D)Ecuador
36
The term "dolphin-safe" on the label of a can of tuna means that:
A)The country of origin does not use drift nets.
B)The quota of dolphins killed while fishing is regulated by the IWC.
C)Fishing was conducted using special purse seine nets.
D)The tuna were taken only by American fishermen.
37
The large bulging forehead of a sperm whale is composed of:
A)solid bone
B)thick muscle fibers
C)a waxy oil
D)neuroganglia
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