AP Biology (Mader), 11th Edition

Chapter 20: Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

Learning Outcomes

20.1 Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

1. Identify the basic structures of a virus
2. Describe the stages of the lysogenic and lytic reproductive cycle of viruses.
3. Reconstruct the reproductive cycle of HIV.

20.2 The Prokaryotes

1. List the two domains of life that contain prokaryotes.
2. Identify structural features of prokaryotes.
3. Describe at least four ways in which the cells of prokaryotes differ from eukaryotic cells.

20.3 The Bacteria

1. Identify the similarities and differences in the cell wall structure of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
2. Identify three different metabolic types of bacteria and describe how they obtain nutrients from their environments.
3. Describe the unique properties of cyanobacteria.

20.4 The Archaea

1. List the biochemical characteristics that distinguish archaea from bacteria and eukaryotes.
2. Describe three different types of archaea and the habitats in which they are found.
3. Explain two ways in which archaea metabolize inorganic compounds in extreme environments.