AP Biology (Mader), 11th Edition

Chapter 10: Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Learning Outcomes

10.1 Halving the Chromosome Number

1. Contrast haploid and diploid chromosome numbers
2. Explain what is meant by homologous chromosomes.
3. Describe the central concept of meiosis.

10.2 Genetic Variation

1. Contrast the effects of asexual and sexual reproduction on genetic variation.
2. Explain how crossing-over contributes to genetic variation.
3. Examine how independent assortment contributes to genetic variation in the offspring.

10.3 The phases of Meiosis

1. Describe the phases of meiosis and the major events that occur during each phase.
2. Identify the phase of meiosis where chromosome number is reduced from diploid to haploid.

10.4 Meiosis Compared to Mitosis

1. Contrast changes in chromosome number, genetic variability, and number of daughter cells between meiosis and mitosis.
2. Distinguish the events that occur during prophase I of meiosis that do not occur during prophase of mitosis.
3. Compare chromosome alignment during meiosis I to mitosis

10.5 The Cycle of Life

1. Contrast the life cycle of plants with the life cycle of animals.
2. Describe spermatogenesis and oogenesis in humans.

10.6 Changes in Chromosome Number and Structure

1. Distinguish between euploidy and aneuploidy.
2. Explain how nondisjunction can cause monosomy and trisomy aneuploidy.
3. Describe human diseases caused by changes in the number of sex chromosomes.
4. Examine how changes in chromosome structure can lead to human diseases.