The Science of Psychology: An Appreciative View, 2nd Edition (King)

Chapter 13: Social Psychology

Applied Multiple Choice Questions

1
Tamara is anxious when she arrives for her first day in a new office. She mentally rehearses introducing herself, so when someone asks "Where are you from?" Tamara accidentally replies, "I'm Tamara." Later that afternoon, Tamara overhears someone say "The new girl doesn't seem that smart." Because she knows she's extremely smart, Tamara isn't upset, but she is embarrassed. Her coworker has
A)used the peripheral route of persuasion.
B)experienced cognitive dissonance.
C)made a fundamental attribution error.
D)used an internal locus of control.
2
As a news anchor, Craig is used to people approaching him to argue about things he reported. Though he loves his job, he is constantly explaining that just because he reports on an issue doesn't mean he personally subscribes to it. In situations like this, people are
A)relying on the peripheral route of persuasion.
B)making a fundamental attribution error.
C)using the door-in-the-face technique.
D)relying on the norm of reciprocity.
3
While Allyson is considering her options in a computer store, a sales representative finishes helping a male client and asks if he can help her. When she says her router is not working, he asks her very basic questions that he never bothered to ask the male customer. Before the conversation is over, it is clear that Allyson knows far more about routers than the sales representative. The representative's behavior suggests that he has a generalized belief
A)or norm of reciprocity.
B)that by using informational social influence he will impress Allyson.
C)fostered by the effects of realistic conflict theory in the computer industry.
D)or stereotype that women are less likely than men to understand computer technology.
4
A good way to help yourself quit smoking is to spend time educating other people about the dangers of smoking. Because one action (smoking) is incongruent with the other action (telling others about dangers related to smoking), you will probably experience
A)the door-in-the-face technique.
B)cognitive dissonance.
C)normative social influence.
D)deindividuation.
5
The brainiacs at the Optimum Computing Corporation have developed a superior notebook computer. The advertising department knows that the purchase of a notebook is a significant investment for the average computer buyer. Since their product is more expensive than their competitors', they will have to convince their target audience that the technology is extraordinary enough to warrant the additional cost. Which of the following approaches would be most likely to achieve their goal?
A)the central route to persuasion
B)the peripheral route to persuasion
C)the door-in-the-face technique
D)lowballing.
6
The upscale Ethan Grant Company has created a new cologne called Ethan for men and a "matching" perfume called Ethan Femme. The company's advertising executives know that their new fragrances will be competing with hundreds of others and that the human nose can only discriminate among so many smells. They know there's no way they can logically convince someone to pay an exorbitant price for Ethan and Ethan Femme; instead, they will need to rely on
A)the central route to persuasion.
B)the peripheral route to persuasion.
C)the foot-in-the-door technique.
D)deindividuation.
7
Glynnis has been involved in her college's theater department for several years. When she first gets a script she practices alone, repeating lines until they sound and feel realistic to her. She always notices that her performance improves significantly, though, when she participates in dress rehearsals with other actors. This is most likely due to
A)social norms.
B)social roles.
C)deindividuation.
D)social facilitation.
8
Galatea attended a high school that encouraged and emphasized creativity and the arts until her junior year. When her mother's employer transfers her to another state, Galatea and her father must also move. Because there isn't a special arts magnet in the new town, Galatea is enrolled in the public high school. On her first day she dresses as she always has—an eclectic, funky style that is uniquely hers. The other students, who appear to Galatea to be dressed in boringly similar styles, stare and laugh at her appearance, and by the end of the day Galatea is uncomfortable. The next day, Galatea dresses more conservatively. Galatea's change in how she dresses is best explained by
A)deindividuation.
B)normative social influence.
C)the fundamental attribution error.
D)a self-serving bias.
9
Members of some hate groups cover their faces and sometimes their entire bodies while they mistreat their targeted group. This can also happen if the hate group is extremely large or a "mob mentality" forms. In these situations, people find it easier to participate in crimes they would not normally commit due to
A)lowballing.
B)equal status contact.
C)deindividuation.
D)the self-fulfilling prophecy.
10
As Theo leaves his grocery store, a woman at a table near the door asks him to donate $10 to a cause that Theo has heard of but in which he has no personal investment. Theo politely declines; $10 feels like a lot of money to give to a charity that has no particular meaning for him. The woman asks if he'd be willing to give one dollar instead, and Theo pulls some change out of his pocket and drops some quarters into the bucket on the table. The solicitor used the
A)foot-in-the-door technique.
B)door-in-the-face technique.
C)norm of reciprocity.
D)lowballing technique.
11
When the Enron Corporation went bankrupt in 2001, the collapse was the largest corporate failure in history, and the name has since become synonymous with corporate fraud. Enron's board of directors failed to monitor, question, or analyze Enron's management and business practices, and billions of dollars' worth of unscrupulous activities were conducted to make Enron look more financially stable than it was. Though the board had access to evidence that something was wrong with Enron's business practices, a culture had developed in which conformity was encouraged and diverse views were not acceptable. In other words, Enron fell prey to
A)social facilitation.
B)group polarization.
C)social loafing.
D)groupthink.
King: The Science of Psychology, 2nd Edition
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