Hole's Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology, 12th Edition (Shier)

Chapter 9: Nervous System

Learning Outcomes

9.1 Introduction
1: Distinguish between the two types of cells that compose nervous tissue.
2: Name the two major groups of nervous system organs.

9.2 General Functions of the Nervous System
3: Explain the general functions of the nervous system.

9.3 Neuroglia
4: State the functions of neuroglia in the central nervous system.
5: Distinguish among the types of neuroglia in the central nervous system.
6: Describe the Schwann cells of the peripheral nervous system.

9.4 Neurons
7: Describe the general structure of a neuron.
8: Explain how differences in structure and function are used to classify neurons.

9.5 The Synapse
9: Explain how information passes from one neuron to another.

9.6 Cell Membrane Potential
10: Explain how a membrane becomes polarized.
11: Describe the events that lead to the generation of an action potential.

9.7 Impulse Conduction
12: Compare impulse conduction in myelinated and unmyelinated neurons.

9.8 Synaptic Transmission
13: Identify the changes in membrane potential associated with excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters.

9.9 Impulse Processing
14: Describe the general ways in which the nervous system processes information.

9.10 Types of Nerves
15: Describe how nerves are classified.

9.11 Nerve Pathways
16: Describe the function of each part of a reflex arc, and name two reflex examples.

9.12 Meninges
17: Describe the coverings of the brain and spinal cord.

9.13 Spinal Cord
18: Describe the structure of the spinal cord and its major functions.

9.14 Brain
19: Name the major parts and functions of the brain.
20: Distinguish among sensory, association, and motor areas of the cerebral cortex.
21: Describe the location, formation and function of cerebrospinal fluid.

9.15 Peripheral Nervous System
22: List the major parts of the peripheral nervous system.
23: Name the cranial nerves, and list their major functions.
24: Describe the structure of a spinal nerve.

9.16 Autonomic Nervous System
25: Describe the functions of the autonomic nervous system.
26: Distinguish between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system.
27: Describe a sympathetic and a parasympathetic nerve pathway.