1 Marine tetrapod vertebrates do not haveA) Shelled eggs. B) Feathers. C) Flippers. D) Gills. 2 Sea turtles must leave the oceans to lay eggs.A) True B) False 3 Sea turtles swim by means ofA) A large tail. B) Flippers. C) Flukes. D) Undulation. 4 Besides humans, sea turtles are eaten byA) Killer whales. B) Great white sharks. C) Land crabs and birds. D) Sea snakes. 5 Green sea turtles, when ready to lay eggs, migrate to the nearest isolated sandy beach that they happen to encounter.A) True B) False 6 All 7 species of sea turtles are threatened, whereas 4 species are endangered.A) True B) False 7 Marine iguanas can feed in cold ocean water because they warm up by basking in the sun on rocks.A) True B) False 8 The most dangerous marine reptile is theA) Marine iguana. B) Komodo dragon. C) Sea snake. D) Saltwater crocodile. 9 Most seabirds breed in large colonies on land, and form life-long pair bonding.A) True B) False 10 Emperor penguins keep their eggs warm by which means?A) Retaining them in a brood pouch B) Building a large protected nest C) Placing them between their feet and lower body D) Lining the nest with down 11 Penguins are found mostly in the Antarctic and Arctic regions.A) True B) False 12 A penguin's wings are used forA) Long-distance flying. B) Hopping. C) Swimming. D) Walking. 13 A tubenose bird can be told from a gull by itsA) Long neck. B) Pouch. C) Salt glands. D) Heavy beak. 14 Seabird guano can be useful for human purposes.A) True B) False 15 Some seabirds migrate as much as 16,000 km from one polar region to the other, and may never experience a polar winter.A) True B) False 16 Mammals constitute the largest group of vertebrates in terms of number of species.A) True B) False 17 Seals retain body heat by means ofA) Thick fur. B) Blubber. C) Oil glands. D) Down. 18 Unlike a true seal, a sea lion hasA) External ears. B) Mammary glands. C) Paddle-shaped flippers. D) A pair of tusks. 19 Fossils of the earliest whales do not have blowholes.A) True B) False 20 The skeleton of a modern whale hasA) No rear limb bones. B) Very small rear limb bones. C) Small front flippers. D) No blowhole. 21 Among the great whales, the one that eats squid is theA) Blue. B) Gray. C) Sperm. D) Humpback. 22 Baleen whales have very long, hard teeth for straining small animals from the ocean.A) True B) False 23 The pleated throat of many baleen whales is used like an expanding accordion to draw in large amounts of water and food.A) True B) False 24 Dolphins are not able toA) Learn from observation. B) Use echolocation. C) Form complex societies. D) Filter food through bristles in the mouth. 25 Cetaceans move their tails up and down while fishes move theirs side to side.A) True B) False 26 Manatees eatA) Seagrasses. B) Mangroves. C) Clams. D) Plankton. 27 Adaptations for deep diving in marine mammals do not include which of these?A) light-producing organs B) Oxygen storage in muscles C) Collapsible lungs D) Efficient air exchange at the surface 28 The bends condition is caused by carbon dioxide bubbles forming in the blood due to pressure changes in diving.A) True B) False 29 Marine mammals avoid the bends by returning to the surface very slowly after a deep dive.A) True B) False 30 Echolocation is used not only by most toothed whales, but also by some pinnipeds and probably some baleen whales.A) True B) False 31 It is thought that cetaceans produce a mental "picture" of objects using echolocation sounds, since they can recognize objects by sight previously only sensed by sound.A) True B) False 32 Most cetacean calves are born head-first in order for the newborn to quickly gulp in air at the surface.A) True B) False 33 Pinnipeds often exhibit harem breeding with a dominant male mating with many females and fighting off other males.A) True B) False 34 Generally, pinnipeds breedA) In the water. B) In family groups at sea. C) In colonies. D) Only at night. 35 Which of these countries still hunts minke whales?A) Japan B) U.S.A. C) Australia D) Ecuador 36 If a can of tuna bears a "dolphin-safe" label, it means thatA) The country of origin does not use drift nets. B) The quota of dolphins killed while fishing is regulated by the IWC. C) Fishing was conducted using special purse seine nets. D) The tuna were taken by American fishermen.