1.
The nutrition of an animal includesA) the process of taking in food. B) the process of digesting food. C) the processes of absorbing and storing food. D) all of the above (a-c). 2.
Most higher invertebrates (e.g., insects) utilize ________________ that allows them to exploit different food sources.A) intracellular digestion B) both intracellular and extracellular digestion C) variations in extracellular digestion D) just extracellular digestion 3.
The development of an anus and complete digestive tract first occurred in theA) sponges. B) aschelminths. C) molluscs. D) cnidarians. 4.
Bats that eat primarily arthropods, such as moths, are calledA) autotrophs. B) heterotrophs. C) carnivores. D) insectivores. 5.
A vertebrate, such as you, can extract approximately __________ calories per gram of carbohydrate.A) two B) four C) six D) eight 6.
In animals, which of the following would be categorized as a trace mineral?A) copper B) calcium C) chlorine D) phospholipid 7.
Which of the following is not a fat-soluble vitamin?A) A B) B C) D D) K 8.
Vitamin B9 is also known asA) pantothenic acid. B) niacin. C) riboflavin. D) folic acid. 9.
Ascorbic acid is also known asA) vitamin B3. B) vitamin B5. C) vitamin C. D) vitamin D. 10.
Vitamin A is also known asA) tocopherol. B) retinol. C) phylloquinone. D) thiamin. 11.
Deposit feeding occurs inA) earthworms. B) some snails. C) sea urchins. D) all of the above (a-c). 12.
Which of the following spends the most time eating?A) herbivores B) carnivores C) suspension feeders D) discontinuous feeders 13.
Digestion involvesA) feeding. B) extracellular digestion. C) intracellular digestion. D) all of the above (a-c). 14.
Salivary glands are found in all of the following except mostA) fishes. B) snakes. C) birds. D) fishes and birds. 15.
Gizzards are found in all of the following exceptA) crocodilians. B) birds. C) some fishes. D) mammals. 16.
All of the following are ruminant animals exceptA) cows. B) sheep. C) horses. D) goats. 17.
In mammals, HCl is produced by glandular cells of theA) pancreas. B) stomach. C) small intestine. D) rectum. 18.
All of the following are functions of the vertebrate stomach exceptA) stores and mixes the food bolus received from the esophagus B) secretes substances (enzymes, mucus) that initiates digestion C) is a site of absorption of lipids D) helps control the rate food moves into the small intestine 19.
The stomach contains __________ glands.A) gastric B) mucous C) intestinal D) none of the above 20.
Which of the following is necessary for the emulsification of fats?A) bile B) hydrochloric acid C) chyme D) bolus 21.
Digestion is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into smaller particles that the individual cells of an animal can absorb.A) True B) False 22.
Losses of biosynthetic abilities have marked much of animal evolution.A) True B) False 23.
Only a few protists and animals can absorb nutrients directly from their external environment.A) True B) False 24.
The evolution and structure of the digestive system in various invertebrates and vertebrates reflects their eating habits, their rate of metabolism, and their body size.A) True B) False 25.
Most digestion occurs in the ileal portion of the small intestine.A) True B) False 26.
The large intestine carries out many digestive and absorptive activities.A) True B) False 27.
The appendix represents the evolutionary remnant of a portion of the pancreas.A) True B) False 28.
A rabbit has a very small cecum.A) True B) False 29.
Every vertebrate has a pancreas.A) True B) False 30.
Bile is stored in the pancreas.A) True B) False