Human Geography: Landscapes of Human Activities, 11th Edition (Fellmann)

Chapter 8: Livelihood and Economy: Primary Activities

Multiple Choice Quiz

1
Nonrenewable resources:
A)are living things such as fish or forests.
B)cannot be replaced by any natural processes within our lifetimes.
C)have reached maximum exploitation yields.
D)were unrecognized by the early settlers.
2
The less-developed countries account for what percentage of hardwood exports?
A)15
B)30
C)65
D)90
3
Genetic improvements in which two crops form the basis of the Green Revolution?
A)corn and rice
B)wheat and corn
C)wheat and rice
D)wheat and sorghum
4
Countries sometimes institute farm subsidies to:
A)assure domestic producers a market price that reflects production costs.
B)distort both patterns of economic agricultural production and consumption.
C)impose import barriers.
D)provide taxes for the government.
5
Whether a material is considered to be a resource is a function of:
A)cultural circumstances.
B)the economic situation of a particular country.
C)physical circumstances.
D)the location of the material.
6
The largest and most continuous stand of softwoods can be found:
A)across the northern latitudes from Scandinavia through Siberia to North America.
B)around the equator.
C)in the Amazon Basin of Brazil.
D)in the Appalachian, Rocky and Coastal Mountain ranges.
7
Which of the following statements regarding the role of women in agriculture is not accurate?
A)The advances from the Green Revolution were unkind to women in that they reduced the female role in agricultural development programs.
B)Women farmers are responsible for at least 50% of the world's food.
C)Women farmers share equally in the rewards from agriculture with men farmers.
D)Women farmers work longer hours for lower wages than men farmers.
8
The pattern of international commodity flows in primary commodities is from the:
A)producers in the less developed countries to the processors and consumers in the less developed countries.
B)producers in the less developed countries to the processors and consumers in the more developed countries.
C)producers in the more developed countries to the processors and consumers in the less developed countries.
D)producers in the more developed countries to the processors and consumers in the more developed countries.
9
A usable reserve is:
A)a renewable resource.
B)the strategic amount of a resource set aside to be used only when current amounts are depleted.
C)the amount of a resource currently being consumed by humans.
D)the amount of a resource that has been identified and may be recovered at future prices and/or improved technology.
10
The Middle Eastern countries have what percentage of the world's proven petroleum reserves?
A)50
B)66
C)87
D)91
11
The nearly perfect energy source is:
A)coal.
B)natural gas.
C)petroleum.
D)taconite.
12
Which of the following occupations is classified as a primary activity?
A)carpenter
B)coal miner
C)electrical engineer
D)elementary school teacher
13
Shifting cultivation is not highly efficient in areas where:
A)capital availability is low.
B)levels of technology are low.
C)roads, railways, and telephone lines traverse the areas.
D)the land is abundant in relation to the population.
14
Mediterranean agriculture is:
A)dependent upon large quantities of summer rainfall.
B)known for grapes, olives, oranges, and figs.
C)one of the least productive of the agricultural regions.
D)only found in Southern Europe and Northern Africa.
15
According to Von ThŸnen, when the sum of production and transport costs equal the value of a commodity, the farmer is at:
A)the economic margin of cultivation.
B)economic rent.
C)locational rent.
D)the rational margin.
16
The single most important event in swidden agriculture is the:
A)burning and its control.
B)clearing of the area.
C)extermination of animals and pests.
D)felling of the second growth.
17
The geographer's task of understanding the spatial distribution of livelihood patterns is complicated by all of the following factors except:
A)cultural considerations.
B)dependency ratios.
C)physical environment.
D)technological development.
18
Almost 90% of the world's annual fish supply comes from:
A)inland waters.
B)the coast of Peru.
C)the continental shelf.
D)the open seas.
19
The decision to exploit a proven deposit of a metallic mineral is affected by each of the following factors except:
A)distance to market.
B)quantity available.
C)richness of the ore.
D)weight of the ore.
20
Intensive subsistence agriculture is concentrated in:
A)areas with a Mediterranean climate.
B)major river valleys and deltas such as the Ganges.
C)the plains of the midwestern United States.
D)the Lapland areas of Scandinavia.
21
The Boserup thesis contends that:
A)the world will not be able to feed all of its inhabitants.
B)rising population levels will intensify agricultural production even on lands that were once considered unsuitable.
C)the maintenance of soil fertility can only be accomplished through swidden agriculture.
D)the controlled management of water is detrimental to intensive subsistence agriculture.
22
The developing countries account for less than what percentage of industrial wood production?
A)30
B)50
C)75
D)90
23
Which of the following economic activities belong in the primary sector?
A)fur trapping
B)diamond mining
C)community gardening
D)All of the above
24
Primary commodities account for what percentage of international trade?
A)25
B)33
C)50
D)66
25
Large coal deposits are concentrated in the:
A)equatorial regions.
B)mid-latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere.
C)mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere.
D)subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
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