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1 | |
What fallacy occurs when, instead of giving reasons for accepting a conclusion, someone sends email threats to persuade them? |
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| | A) | Ad Misericordiam |
| | B) | Ad Hominem |
| | C) | Accident |
| | D) | Ad Baculum |
| | E) | Ad Ignorantiam |
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2 | |
What fallacy occurs when an advertiser uses an appeal to patriotism to sell a product? |
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| | A) | Ad Verecundiam |
| | B) | Ad Ignorantiam |
| | C) | Ad Hominem Circumstantial |
| | D) | Equivocation |
| | E) | Ad Populum |
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3 | |
What fallacy occurs when someone makes an irrelevant appeal to a recent illness as a reason for getting a higher grade on the exam? |
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| | A) | Ad Hominem |
| | B) | Tu Quo |
| | C) | Ad Misericordiam |
| | D) | Ad Populum |
| | E) | Ad Verecundiam |
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4 | |
What fallacy occurs when someone argues that something must be false because you can't prove it is true? |
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| | A) | Ad Ignorantiam |
| | B) | Ad Hominem |
| | C) | Tu Quo |
| | D) | Ad Misericordiam |
| | E) | Ad Verecundiam |
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5 | |
What fallacy occurs when someone tries to persuade you to vote for a particular candidate because a famous athlete thinks highly of the person? |
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| | A) | Ad Populum |
| | B) | Ad Verecundiam |
| | C) | Tu Quo |
| | D) | Ad Misericordiam |
| | E) | Ad Populum |
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6 | |
What fallacy occurs when someone is discredited solely because of their nationality and not because of the reasons they gave to support a claim? |
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| | A) | Ad Hominem |
| | B) | Tu Quo |
| | C) | Ad Misericordiam |
| | D) | Ad Populum |
| | E) | Ad Hominem Circumstantial |
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7 | |
What fallacy occurs when someone rejects your well-argued advice just because you fail to adhere to it yourself? |
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| | A) | Ad Ignorantiam |
| | B) | Ad Hominem |
| | C) | Ad Populum |
| | D) | Tu Quo |
| | E) | Ad Hypocricum |
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8 | |
What fallacy occurs when someone argues for a position because the majority of people agree with it? |
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| | A) | Ad Hominem |
| | B) | Ad Populum |
| | C) | Hasty Generalization |
| | D) | Ad Baculum |
| | E) | Ad Verecundiam |
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9 | |
What fallacy occurs when someone's claim is rejected because of the person's religious affiliation? |
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| | A) | Ad Hominem |
| | B) | Begging the Question |
| | C) | Ad Ignorantiam |
| | D) | Ad Populum |
| | E) | Ad Verecundiam |
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10 | |
What fallacy occurs when someone uses sexual harassment as a method of persuasion? |
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| | A) | Ad Hominem Circumstantial |
| | B) | Tu Quo |
| | C) | AdMisericordiam |
| | D) | Ad Populum |
| | E) | Ad Baculum |
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11 | |
What fallacy occurs when someone makes a claim based on a sample or poll that is too small? |
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| | A) | Ad Hominem Circumstantial |
| | B) | Begging the Question |
| | C) | Hasty Generalization |
| | D) | Biased Statistics |
| | E) | Bifurcation |
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12 | |
What fallacy occurs when it is argued that something must be the cause of something else simply because it happened earlier in time? |
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| | A) | Bifurcation |
| | B) | Post Hoc |
| | C) | Hasty Generalization |
| | D) | Accident |
| | E) | Ad Misericordiam |
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13 | |
What fallacy occurs when someone argues that a rule must be applied without exception--and, therefore, says it must apply to an extraordinary or exceptional case? |
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| | A) | Equivocation |
| | B) | Accent |
| | C) | Biased Statistics |
| | D) | Bifurcation |
| | E) | Accident |
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14 | |
Does the Red Herring fallacy involve a generalization based on a sample that is not diverse enough? |
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| | A) | Yes |
| | B) | No, Red Herring involves a sample size that is too small. |
| | C) | No, Red Herring involves applying a general rule to an atypical case. |
| | D) | No, Red Herring involves arguing from what is true of the whole/entire organization to the parts/members. |
| | E) | No, Red Herring involves changing the topic of the discussion to throw someone off the track |
| | F) | No, Red Herring involves causal reasoning. |
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15 | |
When someone argues that we ought not allow one course of action because it will lead to something bad happening and that to an even worse thing--what fallacy are they committing? |
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| | A) | Ad Hominem |
| | B) | Red Herring |
| | C) | Slippery Slope |
| | D) | Bifurcation |
| | E) | Accident |
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16 | |
What is the name of the fallacy that occurs when a statistical study is done and the sample group is not as diverse as the target population? |
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| | A) | Biased statistics |
| | B) | Ad Misericordiam |
| | C) | Bifurcation |
| | D) | Slippery Slope |
| | E) | Hasty generalization |
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17 | |
When someone paints an opponent's position as much more extreme than it actually is, what fallacy are they committing? |
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| | A) | Straw Dog |
| | B) | Begging the Question |
| | C) | Straw Man |
| | D) | Biased Statistics |
| | E) | Red Herring |
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18 | |
What fallacy occurs when it is argued that there is only a choice of two options, but other options are actually available? |
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| | A) | Biased statistics |
| | B) | Ad Populum |
| | C) | Red Herring |
| | D) | Hasty Generalization |
| | E) | Bifurcation |
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19 | |
What fallacy occurs when someone argues in a circle--assuming what they are trying to prove? |
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| | A) | Ad Ignorantiam |
| | B) | Begging the Question |
| | C) | Biased Statistics |
| | D) | Straw Man |
| | E) | Red Herring |
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20 | |
When someone uses loaded language--such as a euphemism or dysphemism--creating a bias that leads to an incorrect conclusion, what fallacy do they commit? |
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| | A) | Composition |
| | B) | Straw Man |
| | C) | Amphiboly |
| | D) | Question-begging epithets |
| | E) | Red Herring |
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21 | |
What fallacy occurs when there is a shift of meaning in a word or phrase, resulting in an incorrect conclusion being drawn? |
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| | A) | Amphiboly |
| | B) | Accident |
| | C) | Begging the Question |
| | D) | Composition |
| | E) | Equivocation |
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22 | |
What fallacy occurs when there is an ambiguity created because of the grammar used, leading to an incorrect conclusion being drawn? |
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| | A) | Amphiboly |
| | B) | Begging the Question |
| | C) | Equivocation |
| | D) | Division |
| | E) | Hasty Generalization |
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23 | |
What fallacy occurs when someone argues from what is true of the members of a group to the entire group itself? |
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| | A) | Amphiboly |
| | B) | Hasty Generalizatoin |
| | C) | Composition |
| | D) | Division |
| | E) | Compaction |
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24 | |
What fallacy is committed when someone draws an incorrect conclusion because of the emphasis of a word or phrase that creates an ambiguity? |
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| | A) | Amphiboly |
| | B) | Accent |
| | C) | Bifurcation |
| | D) | Equivocation |
| | E) | Accident |
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25 | |
What is the difference between the fallacies of composition and division? |
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| | A) | Composition goes from the parts/members to the whole/group, whereas division goes from the whole/group to the parts/members. |
| | B) | Composition rests on an ambiguity of grammatical structure; whereas division rests on an ambiguity of emphasis of words/phrases. |
| | C) | Composition results from too small a sample; whereas division results from a sample group that is not diverse enough. |
| | D) | Composition results from a general rule being applied to an atypical or exceptional case; whereas division results from a generalization made on too small of a sample or an atypical case. |
| | E) | Composition results from an ambiguity around the meaning of a word or phrase; whereas division results from an ambiguity of emphasis. |
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26 | |
What fallacy is committed when someone argues: "Anita is a little woman, so she must have little hands"? |
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| | A) | Hasty Generalization |
| | B) | Accident |
| | C) | Equivocation |
| | D) | Division |
| | E) | Composition |
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27 | |
What fallacy is committed when someone argues: "Strawberries, lobster, and chocolate are all tasty, so they'd be great together as a main course"? |
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| | A) | Division |
| | B) | Hasty Generalization |
| | C) | Accident |
| | D) | Equivocation |
| | E) | Composition |
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28 | |
What fallacy is committed when someone argues: "That is a small elephant. An elephant is a mammal, so that must be a small mammal"? |
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| | A) | Division |
| | B) | Hasty Generalization |
| | C) | Composition |
| | D) | Equivocation |
| | E) | Amphiboly |
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29 | |
What fallacy is committed when someone says, "For sale: Shirts for men with 15 to 17 necks"? |
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| | A) | Division |
| | B) | Amphiboly |
| | C) | Accident |
| | D) | Equivocation |
| | E) | Accent |
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30 | |
What fallacy is committed when someone says, "FREE CELL PHONE if you sign up for a three-year contract of our over-priced service"? |
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| | A) | Division |
| | B) | Amphiboly |
| | C) | Accident |
| | D) | Equivocation |
| | E) | Accent |
Name the Fallacy (it could be any of the fallacies of relevance, presumption, or ambiguity): |
31 | |
Either you are a vegetarian or you are a flesh-loving barbarian.
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32 | |
Get MILLION dollars real easy if you just sign up to be a subject in a brain transplant operation.
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33 | |
Airline ticket office sign: “WE TAKE YOUR BAGS AND SEND THEM IN ALL DIRECTIONS.”
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34 | |
God exists—it says so in the Bible and that must be true, since the Bible is the word of God.
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35 | |
Robert has a big house -- that means his bathrooms and closets are big too.
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36 | |
Denzel Washington, Russell Crowe and Sean Penn are great actors. They should star in a movie together—they’d be fantastic.
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37 | |
Bernie was on her way to the Logic quiz when she ran into her dear friend, Angelica. Angelica gave Bernie a chicken sandwich. Bernie did excellently on the exam, therefore, she should always eat a chicken sandwich before a test -- it was the reason she did so well.
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38 | |
Shawn: "You never remember my birthday!"
Rita: "Did I ever tell you what beautiful eyes you have?"
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39 | |
Oh, my! Henry says broccoli must be an awful tasting vegetable because the first President Bush say he hated it.
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40 | |
Ho! Well Jessie and Larry are crazy about creamed onions. They said most people love creamed onions, so you will surely love them too.
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41 | |
Ann ate at the new Chicago ribs restaurant. The service was terrible and the food lukewarm. That just goes to show you -- never eat Chicago ribs-- it's obviously the pits!!
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42 | |
Tayo is a poor loser whenever he plays tennis. That must mean he is having a tough time financially—maybe he should take out a loan!
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43 | |
Yeah, me too. Rosa beter go too. In fact, if she refuses to go, I'm going to threaten to tell Dr. Green about her smooching Carlos in the library!
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44 | |
Wow! Have you always been this smart?
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45 | |
I'll put it this way, there are two kinds of people. Those who are smart and those who are pathetic.
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46 | |
Jessica deserves a scholarship, after all the riots in Los Angeles really upset her and caused her to have hideous nightmares.
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47 | |
Aunt Lucille: Do you know why a dirty person is more successful than a clean one?
Uncle Bob: Because a clean person is all washed up!
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48 | |
Well Melinda, did you hear that guy at the gas station? He said he went to a Zen wedding and it was strange. That means all Zen weddings are strange --I wouldn't be caught dead at one myself!
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49 | |
Yeah, I agree. Did you hear about Norma? She said she saw The House That Dripped Blood last night and it was the best movie she'd ever seen. But why should we listen to her movie reviews -- she's a member of Students for Science Fiction and could hardly be considered unbiased.
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50 | |
Well the film was a blockbuster. It made millions and millions of dollars! With that many people seeing it, it must be good!
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51 | |
Yeah. I'll tell you something, Dan: Terminator 3 is the best movie. Arnold Swartzeneggar said so, you know.
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52 | |
Sure thing! And the Backstreet Boys makes the best music! That means the lead singer must be the best too!
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53 | |
Well honesty is the best policy. Therefore, you really ought to tell your mother she has terminal cancer, Mark.
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54 | |
If we don't tell family members when they have terminal diseases, then it'll be easier not to tell our best friends the truth either, and pretty soon we'll start lying and then we won't want to go to church anymore and we'll end up in Hell!
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55 | |
And Dr. Tan, please give me an A in this class. My tires exploded on the 405 Freeway last Sunday scaring me horribly, and my great grandmother burnt her hand making tamales and I have to do all her housework! I surely deserve an A.
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56 | |
Aman had been playing the drums for years when he lost the feeling in his right thumb.
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57 | |
Beyonce thinks ice cream is delicious on apple pie. So you should have it too.
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58 | |
Yeah, and most Americans think the national anthem is great to sing. Therefore, you should sing it too!
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59 | |
People should always speak out against injustice. Therefore it is right for people to stand up in the middle of a movie and point out racist stereotypes to the audience.
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60 | |
Randy, you better join the picket line outside Von’s supermarket. If you are thinking about doing something else this Saturday, I’d like to remind you that I have digital photos of you skinny-dipping down at the creek. I bet your parents would raise their eyebrows if they saw those photos! See you at the picket line!
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61 | |
Only those who have seen the ocean have lived fully. Visit Newfoundland today!
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62 | |
In a radio poll of men who major in Music, it was discovered that they prefer women who like Bach to those who prefer Ray Charles. Therefore, all men prefer women who like Bach to those who prefer Ray Charles.
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63 | |
Grandma says we must always tell the truth, that it builds public trust and treats others with respect. But why should we listen to her, you know she was convicted last year of stealing from the church school lunch fund!
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64 | |
Doing drugs is wrong. Therefore, we should not allow hospitals to use drugs to alleviate pain in terminal cancer cases.
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65 | |
There must be life on Mars. You can’t prove I’m wrong, so I must be right.
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66 | |
Jessie: Hey honey, what are those thousand dollar bills doing on your dresser?
Bo: Oh, you know what, Jessie, I heard about your speech to the Critical Thinking class! Boy are you smart. I bet your professor really respects you and your fellow students think you are just the greatest. Did you ever get an award for being so intelligent?
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