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Quick Quiz
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1

Circle all that are inductive arguments:
A)Argument from analogy
B)Modus ponens
C)Hypothetical syllogism
D)Cause and effect reasoning
E)Inductive generalization
F)Disjunctive syllogism
G)Statistical syllogism
2

What form is this argument: 67% of children sampled at the zoo preferred the gorilla exhibit to the reptile show. Therefore, 67% of children prefer the gorilla exhibit to the reptile show.
A)Argument from analogy.
B)Statistical syllogism
C)Inductive generalization
D)Sample generalization
E)Cause and effect argument
3

If there are concerns about the quality of a statistical study, what can you do?
A)Add a margin of error
B)Add a note of explanation
C)Add an apology
D)Add an inductive characteristic
E)Subtract a percentage from the answer
4

Why is an argument from analogy an inductive argument? Circle all that is true:
A)Because it has mistakes in it.
B)Because it rests on a comparison
C)Because it rests on partial evidence.
D)Because the conclusion does not follow with probability
E)Because the conclusion does not follow with certainty.
5

Which one of the following is an example of a statistical syllogism:
A)83% of men polled at Guilford College said they prefer hockey to soccer. Therefore, all men prefer hockey to soccer.
B)83% of men polled at Guilford College said they prefer hockey to soccer. Keith goes to Guilford College, therefore he prefers hockey to soccer.
C)83% of men polled at Guilford College said they prefer hockey to soccer. Therefore 83% of men prefer hockey to soccer.
D)83% of men polled at Guilford College said they prefer hockey to soccer. Therefore, 83% of people prefer hockey to soccer.
6

What are key aspects to examine when assessing a statistical study? Circle three noted in this chapter.
A)The date of the study.
B)The author of the study.
C)The size of the study.
D)The diversity of the study.
E)The dimensions of the study.
F)The publisher of the study
G)The sponsor of the study.
7

What fallacy occurs when a study lacks sufficient diversity in the sample group?
A)Fallacy of Diversity
B)Fallacy of Hasty Thinking
C)Hasty Generalization
D)Balanced statistics
E)Biased statistics
8

What kind of argument is this: "On a flight between Minneapolis and Lexington, 45 people started coughing and gasping. It was found that the cleaning crew prior to boarding used air freshener in the back of the plane. Therefore, the air freshener caused the passengers to cough and gasp."
A)An argument from analogy.
B)A statistical study
C)A cause and effect argument
D)An inductive generalization
E)A false analogy
9

What distinguishes a false analogy?
A)That it is deceptive.
B)That it is not inductive
C)That there are no real differences
D)That there are no real similarities
E)That it is false
10

What are steps to analyzing an analogy? Circle all.
A)List the similarities
B)List the differences
C)List the terms of the comparison
D)List the things that are false
E)List the policies cited by the terms
F)Write out the equation setting out the terms of the comparison
G)Write out the date of the study
H)State the principle or characteristic of one term being applied to the other term
I)State the diversity of the study.
J)Weigh the similarities and differences.
K)Draw the inference from the premises to the conclusion.
L)Compare the analogy with previous analogies you know.
11

What makes an analogy?
A)Differences
B)Size
C)Diversity
D)The Date of the comparison
E)Similarities
F)Principles
G)Precedents
12

What is true of the use of a legal precedent? Circle all that is true.
A)It is an inductive argument.
B)It is a deductive argument.
C)The conclusion is always certain.
D)The conclusion only follows with a degree of probability or likelihood.
E)It is a form of an argument from analogy
F)It is a form of an inductive generalization
G)It is a form of a statistical syllogism.
H)It is a form of a hypothetical syllogism.
13

In a legal precedent what principlet is being referred to?
A)A statistical study
B)A false analogy
C)A previous syllogism
D)A decision from an earlier case
E)A modus ponens
F)A tautology made earlier in time
G)A contradiction
H)A contingent claim
14

When a doctor gives a prognosis as to what is the cause of a medical condition, why is that an example of an inductive argument?
A)Because the doctor is not qualified to make predictions
B)Because the doctor's prediction is based on probability.
C)Because the doctor cannot be correct.
D)Because the doctor is often incorrect.
E)Because the doctor's prediction is based on certainty.
15

What happens when it is thought that two things observed occurring together must be causally connected?
A)There is a confusion of correlation with conjunction.
B)There is a confusion of cause with effect
C)There is a confusion of cause with disjunction
D)There is a confusion of effect with correlation
E)There is a confusion of cause with correlation





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