The American Republic Since 1877 © 2007

Chapter 8: Settling the West, 1865—1900

Web Lesson Plans

Introduction
Students have read about how Americans pushed out onto the western frontier after the Civil War. In this activity students will examine the different factors that encouraged settlement of the West.

Lesson Description
Students will use information from the New Perspectives of the West Web site to learn about the factors that encouraged western settlement. Students will read about the people who headed west and the impacts of the transcontinental railroad, the Homestead Act, and the cattle industry. Students will also view images, documents, and profiles of the settlers. Students will then answer four questions and apply this information by creating a class bulletin board of job notices that advertise for cowhands.

1. Students will identify the factors that influenced western settlement and characterize the people who settled the West.
2. Students will be able to use this knowledge to create a class bulletin board of job notices that advertise for cowhands.

1. Among those who headed west after the Civil War were Civil War veterans, farmers from the East, landless peasants from Europe, Mexicans, formerly enslaved persons, Chinese railroad workers, and Mormons.
2. Answers may include the fact that the railroad made it easier to cross the Great Plains and the mountains. The construction of the railroad itself brought thousands of settlers, many of whom stayed in the West. The race between the railroads brought thousands of workers to the West quickly, speeding up the natural and slower migration pattern. Settlers and soldiers headed west to support the construction crews.
3. To participate in the Homestead Act, prospective settlers had to meet the following conditions: be the head of a family or 21 years old, be a U.S. citizen or intend to become one, have never fought in a war against the United States, and not claim more than 160 acres. The Homestead Act encouraged settlement because it offered land to anyone who made a claim, paid a $10 fee, and farmed the land for five years or more.
4. The cattle industry gave the railroads transport business, and the railroads provided the cattle industry with access to the eastern markets.
5. Students' job notices will vary.