Glencoe Biology

Chapter 35: Digestive and Endocrine Systems

Standardized Test Practice

1
Enzymes are an important part of ____ digestion.
A)molecular
B)chemical
C)esophageal
D)mechanical
2
What enzyme is found in saliva?
A)lactase
B)pepsin
C)ligase
D)amylase
3
What process are these digestive tract muscles involved in?

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A)hormone secretion
B)acidic digestion
C)peristalsis
D)filtration
4
Which of these organs produces bile for fat breakdown?

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A)liver
B)pancreas
C)small intestine
D)gallbladder
5
Which of these statements accurately describes the stomach?
A)Pepsin protects stomach lining from acid.
B)Pepsin is an enzyme that aids digestion.
C)Most of the ingested nutrients are absorbed here.
D)Mucus is an enzyme that aids digestion.
6
A ____ is a unit of measure for the energy content of food.
A)subunit
B)carbohydrate
C)gram
D)Calorie
7
The most concentrated nutritional energy source is ____.
A)sugar
B)fat
C)protein
D)cellulose
8
During digestion, protein is broken down into ____.
A)enzymes
B)carbohydrate
C)amino acids
D)bile
9
What function is this pituitary gland serving here?

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A)regulates water balance
B)regulates testosterone production
C)regulate protein synthesis
D)prevents protein synthesis
10
Which of these is the correct sequence of carbohydrate digestion?
A)circulated in blood--broken down into sugar--absorbed in villi
B)broken down into sugar--absorbed in villi--circulated in blood
C)absorbed in villi--circulated in blood--broken down into sugar
D)broken down into sugar--circulated in blood--absorbed in villi
11
A ____ is a substance that targets specific cells to produce a response.
A)hormone
B)carbohydrate
C)mineral
D)gradient
12
Which of these structures secretes hormones and regulates much of the body's homeostasis?

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A)medulla oblongata
B)pons
C)hypothalamus
D)pituitary gland
13
What is one difference between vitamins and mineral?
A)Vitamins are organic and minerals are inorganic.
B)Minerals are organic and vitamins are inorganic.
C)Only vitamins assist metabolic function.
D)Only minerals assist metabolic function.
14
When does this amino acid hormone bind to its receptor?

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A)after diffusing through membrane
B)after enzymes are activated
C)before entering the plasma membrane
D)after target cell responds
15
How do steroid hormones function?
A)prevent protein synthesis
B)activate protein synthesis
C)strengthen the plasma membrane
D)prevent binding to DNA
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