Glencoe Biology

Chapter 15: Evolution

Standardized Test Practice-English

1
What theory states that inherited variations increasing reproductive success will be passed?
A)biogenesis
B)spontaneous generation
C)natural selection
D)controlled evolution
2
Cumulative changes in groups of organisms over time is called ____.
A)evolution
B)natural selection
C)spontaneous generation
D)gene synthesis
3
Which of these is not a component of the theory of natural selection in a duck population?
A)Ducks in a population have different markings.
B)Traits that hinder swimming are likely to be passed on.
C)Baby ducks carry the same traits as parents.
D)Not all offspring survive after hatching.
4
The ____ provides evidence of extinct species in support of evolutionary change.
A)biogenesis record
B)igneous rock layer
C)fossil record
D)metamorphic rock layer
5
This organism is the ____ of the modern-day armadillo.

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A)genetic duplicate
B)ancestral form
C)primary predator
D)primary food source
6
What are the two major classes of traits in transitional fossils?
A)chemical and biological
B)biogenic and genetic
C)spontaneous and archaic
D)derived and ancestral
7
These vertebrate forelimbs are examples of ____.

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A)homologous structures
B)vestigial structures
C)ancestral development
D)disfunctional evolution
8
Which of these is an example of a vestigial structure?
A)kangaroo's pouch
B)leg attachment site on snake pelvis
C)elephant's trunk
D)light weight bones of bird skeleton
9
The wings of hawks and beetles are ____.
A)ancestral forms
B)vestigial structures
C)analogous structures
D)natural selection
10
What does this graph suggest?

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A)Amino acids can show evolutionary similarities.
B)Size of organisms can show evolutionary similarities.
C)Butterflies and humans are closely related.
D)Monkeys and fish have similar biochemcial features.
11
Which statement is true based on this graph showing biochemical differences?

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A)Fish share more amino acid sequences with pigs than with turtles.
B)Monkeys share more amino acid sequences with humans than with fish.
C)Humans and pigs share no amino acid sequences.
D)Turtles and fish share no amino acid sequences.
12
Which statement is true regarding this archaeopteryx?

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A)It has no ancestral dinosaur features.
B)It has no evolutionary relation to birds.
C)It has not become extinct.
D)It has ancestral dinosaur features.
13
A random change in the frequency of alleles in a population is called ____.
A)genetic drift
B)Hardy-Weinberg principle
C)natural selection and mutation occurs
D)biogenesis
14
What type of selection occurs when an extreme trait increases an organism's fitness?
A)stabilizing
B)directional
C)bottleneck
D)varied
15
Which of these are two conditions of genetic equilibrium according to the Hardy-Weinberg principle?
A)natural selection and mutation occurs
B)population is small; mutations occur
C)mating is random; natural selection does not occur
D)immigration and natural selection occurs
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