Glencoe Biology

Chapter 13: Genetics and Biotechnology

Chapter Test Practice

1
A ____ can determine an exact genotype.
A)genome
B)hybridization process
C)phenotype
D)test cross
2
A ____ can recognize, bind, and cut a specific DNA sequence.
A)genome
B)plasmid
C)restriction enzyme
D)recombinant DNA
3
A technique called ____ looks at separated DNA fragments to identify unique banding patterns.
A)bioinformatics
B)DNA microarray
C)DNA fingerprinting
D)polymorphism
4
An organism's ____ is the total DNA present in the nucleus of each cell.
A)plasmid
B)genome
C)DNA ligase
D)restriction enzyme
5
Regions of linked variations in the human genome are called ____.
A)haplotypes
B)clones
C)nucleotides
D)proteomics
6
Study the Punnett squares in the figure. What will the result be if the white grapefruit is homozygous?

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A)all offspring will be heterozygous.
B)all offspring will be homozygous.
C)ratio of heterozygous to homozygous will be 1:2
D)ratio of heterozygous to homozygous will be 2:1
7
This shows the cleavage of a DNA sequence. This occurs ____ the forming of recombinant DNA.

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A)before
B)after
C)during
D)during and after
8
What are two advantages of agricultural hybridization?
A)time efficiency and low cost
B)increased adaptability and crop yields
C)decreases fertility and disease-resistance
D)decreased adaptability and crop yields
9
What does a Ww indicate in this figure?

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A)homozygous genotype in a cross test
B)heterozygous genotype in a test cross
C)homozygous genotype resulting from inbreeding
D)heterozygous genotype resulting from inbreeding
10
What is occurring at the end of this process?

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A)protein synthesis
B)cloning
C)DNA fingerprinting
D)bioinformatics
11
What is the result of a polymerase chain reaction?
A)a completed genome
B)cleavage of DNA fragments
C)separation of DNA fragments by electricity
D)millions of replicated DNA fragments
12
What process separates DNA fragments according to size?
A)cloning
B)recombinant DNA formation
C)transformation
D)gel electrophoresis
13
What was the human genome project specifically trying to find?
A)a single nucleotide
B)new forms of recombinant DNA
C)polymerase chains
D)nucleotide sequences
14
Which of the following is not a feature of DNA microarrays?
A)identifying genetic or environmental factors
B)analysis of gene expression
C)separation of DNA fragments
D)genetic information stored on a slide
15
Which of these statements is not true of inbreeding?
A)Desired traits can be passed to offspring.
B)Two closely related organisms are bred together.
C)Harmful recessive traits can never be passed to offspring.
D)Undesired traits can be eliminated.
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