Glencoe Biology

Chapter 6: Chemistry in Biology

Standardized Test Practice-English

1
Matter is composed of tiny particles called ____.
A)oxygen
B)atoms
C)electrons
D)neutrons
2
Negatively charged particles that move around the nucleus of an atom are called ____.
A)isotopes
B)neutrons
C)protons
D)electrons
3
Which of the following correctly describes a difference between the two atoms shown here?

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A)Hydrogen has no neutral particles.
B)Oxygen has no neutral particles.
C)There are no electron-filled energy levels in hydrogen.
D)Oxygen has no positively charged particles.
4
Judging from this graph, what are the most abundant elements in living things?

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A)nitrogen and calcium
B)hydrogen, carbon, oxygen
C)carbon, sodium, potassium
D)oxygen and sodium
5
How can changing the number of neutrons affect an atom?
A)More neutrons can produce a negative charge.
B)Less neutrons can produce a positive charge.
C)The nucleus can become unstable.
D)Atom can become both positive and negative.
6
A ____ is a special substance that lowers the activation energy needed for a chemical reaction.
A)charged particle
B)nutrient
C)catalyst
D)chemical element
7
The specific location where a substrate binds on an enzyme is called the ____.
A)active site
B)enzyme-substrate complex
C)binding point
D)catalyst
8
What is an important function of the complexes being formed in this picture?

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A)preventing the formation of chemical bonds
B)DNA formation in the active site
C)preventing the breakage of chemical bonds
D)breaking and formation of chemical bonds
9
Which statement is true regarding this energy diagram?

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A)It shows an exothermic reaction.
B)It shows an endothermic reaction.
C)Product energy is higher than reactant energy.
D)Reactant and product energy are equal.
10
Molecules that have an unequal distribution of charges are called ____.
A)enzymes
B)polar molecules
C)substrate molecules
D)solvents
11
Which of these is not a characteristic of a solution?
A)substances retain properties
B)homogenous mixture forms
C)there is uniform composition
D)substances change properties
12
Fatty molecules containing mostly carbon and hydrogen are called ____.
A)enzymes
B)proteins
C)lipids
D)catalysts
13
Small compounds that form proteins are called ____.
A)amino acids
B)lipids
C)carbohydrates
D)phospholipids
14
What is significant about this elemental structure?

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A)second energy level can hold sixteen electrons
B)prevents carbon from forming molecules
C)prevents carbon from binding with oxygen
D)allows carbon to form three molecular shapes
15
These molecules are examples of ____.

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A)enzymes
B)carbohydrates
C)proteins
D)inorganic substances
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