Glencoe Biology

Chapter 6: Chemistry in Biology

Chapter Test Practice

1
How many different kinds of atoms does an element contain?
A)six
B)two
C)four
D)one
2
A ____ is a heterogenous mixture in which the particles do not settle.
A)solution
B)suspension
C)colloid
D)solvents
3
Acid solutions are produced by the release of ____ ions.
A)potassium
B)hydrogen
C)oxygen
D)sodium
4
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called ____.
A)isotropes
B)compounds
C)neutrino elements
D)molecules
5
How are atoms in molecules held together?
A)neutron sharing
B)ionic bonds
C)proton sharing
D)covalent bonds
6
How are the water molecules in a raindrop held together?
A)covalent bonds
B)van der Waals forces
C)attraction between positive charges
D)attraction between negative charges
7
How can enzymes benefit chemical reactions, as shown in this energy diagram?

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A)lowering activation energy
B)raising activation energy
C)slowing reactions
D)increasing the amount of product
8
How do buffers help maintain homeostasis?
A)neutralize acids and bases
B)raise pH above 9
C)lower pH below 4
D)remove all hydrogen ions
9
How do solutes and solvents interact?
A)solvents change the properties of solutes
B)solvents dissolve in solutes
C)solutes change the properties of solvents
D)solutes dissolve in solvents
10
How many electrons does a carbon atom have in its outer energy level?
A)four
B)two
C)six
D)eight
11
In this water molecule, how many electrons does each hydrogen atom share with oxygen?

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A)two
B)one
C)four
D)eight
12
Molecules made from units of identical compounds linked by covalent bonds are called ____.
A)polymers
B)nucleic acids
C)elements
D)atoms
13
The minimum amount of energy needed for a chemical reaction is called ____.
A)product threshold
B)absorbent energy
C)principle mass
D)activation energy
14
These molecules are formed by ____.

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A)amino acid
B)phosphorus
C)carbon
D)potassium
15
What are saturated fats?
A)lipids with double bonds between carbon atoms
B)lipids with single bonds between carbon atoms
C)proteins with single bonds between carbon atoms
D)proteins with double bonds between carbon atoms
16
What is the function of the enzyme-substrate complex?
A)destroy the enzyme
B)prevent bondage at the active site
C)stop chemical reactions
D)break and forming chemical bonds
17
What is the structure shown here?

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A)elements called carbohydrates
B)macromolecules called carbohydrates
C)compounds called proteins
D)compounds called nucleic acids
18
What kind of chemical reaction does this energy diagram show?

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A)exothermic
B)endothermic
C)ionic
D)mass creating
19
What principle can be applied to all chemical reactions?
A)conservation of mass
B)reactants formed from products
C)energy loss theory
D)coefficient principle
20
Which statement is true based on this scale?

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A)Seawater has a higher concentration of hydrogen than tomatoes.
B)Tomatoes have a higher concentration of hydrogen than seawater.
C)Blood has no hydrogen ions.
D)Household ammonia is neutral.
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