Earth Science: Geology, the Environment, and the Universe

Section 1: Shoreline Features

Shoreline Features

1
Which structure is pictured in the figure?
<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=jpg::::/sites/dl/free/0078664233/184123/99_shorln_ss_161c.jpg','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (10.0K)</a>
A)seawall
B)jetty
C)groin
D)breakwater
2
Which is NOT a method of building coastal landforms above sea level?
A)longshore transportation of sediments at high tide
B)upwelling of sediments
C)wind-shaping dunes from sediments exposed at low tide
D)storms moving sediments above the high-tide mark
3
What flat erosion surface is formed as a headland is worn away?
A)sea arches
B)wave-cut platform
C)sea caves
D)wave-cut cliff
4
What is the purpose of a breakwater?
A)protect a harbor
B)protect the beach from storm waves
C)interrupt the natural longshore transport of sand
D)provide anchorage for small boats
5
Straight wave crests bend toward headlands because of a process called __________.
A)wave reflection
B)concentration
C)wave refraction
D)erosion
6
How much lower was sea level 10,000 years ago?
A)20 m
B)130 m
C)500 m
D)100 m
7
Waves move at __________ velocity in deep water than in shallow water.
A)the same
B)a 100-times-faster
C)a slower
D)a faster
8
Why is water in an estuary commonly brackish?
A)It is moved with the longshore current.
B)It is a nursery for fish.
C)It's a mixture of freshwater and salt water.
D)Its chemistry is affected by sea grasses.
9
What determines the composition of sediment particles on a beach?
A)sediment source
B)wave energy
C)tidal range
D)amount of sediment
10
How much would sea level rise if all the world's polar ice melted?
A)2 m
B)700 m
C)10 m
D)70 m
11
__________ are points of land sticking out into the ocean.
A)Barrier islands
B)Estuaries
C)Beaches
D)Rocky headlands
12
A groin is used to __________.
A)interrupt the natural longshore transport of sand
B)protect a harbor
C)protect the beach from storm waves
D)provide anchorage for small boats
13
Why is sea level still rising?
A)global warming
B)global cooling
C)the destruction of ozone in the atmosphere
D)the size of world glaciers is growing
14
What is a narrow bank of sand that projects into the ocean called?
A)a spit
B)a barrier island
C)a bay mouth bar
D)a lagoon
15
What is at each end of a tombolo?
A)the mainland and an island
B)an island and a bay mouth bar
C)a spit and the mainland
D)a peninsula and a barrier island
16
What is the purpose of the structure shown in the figure?
A)to protect the shore
B)to redirect current
C)to trap beach sand
D)to anchor boats
17
What is causing relative sea level to drop along the West Coast of the United States?
A)regional cooling
B)tectonic forces
C)global warming
D)the melting of polar ice
18
Water movement parallel to shore is called __________.
A)upwelling
B)rip current
C)longshore current
D)longshore bar
19
What determines the size of sediment particles on a beach?
A)tidal range
B)width of dune
C)wave energy
D)amount of sediment
20
According to the map, what can be said about the coastline over the past 20,000 years?
<a onClick="window.open('/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=gif::::/sites/dl/free/0078664233/184123/122_coastln_ls_160c.gif','popWin', 'width=NaN,height=NaN,resizable,scrollbars');" href="#"><img valign="absmiddle" height="16" width="16" border="0" src="/olcweb/styles/shared/linkicons/image.gif"> (31.0K)</a>
A)It has remained the same.
B)It has receded.
C)It has expanded.
D)it has definitely fluctuated
21
What is a barrier island?
A)a narrow ridge of sand that connects the mainland and an island
B)a narrow bank of sand that projects into the ocean
C)a long ridge of sand that is separate from the mainland
D)a narrow bank of sand that crosses a bay
Glencoe Online Learning CenterScience HomeProduct InfoSite MapContact Us

The McGraw-Hill CompaniesGlencoe