Earth Science: Geology, the Environment, and the Universe

Section 3: Lakes and Freshwater Wetlands

Lakes and Freshwater Wetlands

1
Many lakes in agricultural regions are eutrophic due to __________.
A)reduced amounts of animal waste
B)excessive sunlight
C)minimal algae growth
D)excessive nutrients
2
What process adds oxygen to a lake?
A)breathing of animals
B)photosynthesis of plants
C)decay of plants
D)decay of animals
3
Look at the data in the graph, showing how the water quality has changed in Lake Smith over forty years. What is the most likely explanation for this trend?

Water Quality at Lake Smith

 195019551960196519701975198019851990
Dissolved oxygen
(parts per million or ppm)
20191818161715119
pH7.67.27.17.06.86.86.56.15.8
Phosphate (ppm)0.00.100.200.250.280.280.450.550.55
Nitrogen (ppm)0.050.180.190.250.280.280.350.400.45
Largemouth bass45045544833823522015512550
Mosses and grasses00251518293555

A)Higher phosphate and nitrogen levels suggest it was damaged by fertilizers.
B)The falling population of largemouth bass indicate that too much fishing has occurred on this lake.
C)Lower oxygen levels indicate that too many fish were living in the lake.
D)The dropping pH levels indicate that acid rain has been plaguing the region.
4
Which combination of characteristics allows the greatest amount of water to infiltrate into the ground?
A)low slopes, clay-rich soils, and hot temperatures
B)little slopes, sandy soils, and cool temperatures
C)steep slopes, sandy soil, and hot temperatures
D)steep slopes, silty soils, and cool temperatures
5
Look at the map. Which city is most likely to see an increase in eutrophication in its lakes?
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A)Madison
B)Springfield
C)Indianapolis
D)Lansing
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