Earth Science: Earth Materials and Processes, Book F

Chapter 6: Volcanoes

Volcanoes

1.
A volcano is an opening in Earth that erupts__________.
A)all answers are correct
B)lava
C)ash
D)gases
2.
What is the difference between lava and magma?
A)They are made of different types of rock.
B)They originate from different places.
C)They are different colors.
D)After magma reaches the surface it's called lava.
3.
Islands like Iceland are often formed due to __________.
A)rifts in the Earth's surface
B)cooling lava flows
C)plate movement
D)all answers are correct
4.
Convergent plate boundaries __________.
A)force one plate beneath Earth's surface
B)create volcanoes that are not as violent as others
C)don't produce volcanoes
D)spread apart Earth's surface
5.
A pyroclastic flow is__________.
A)another form of precipitation
B)a type of lava flow
C)hot volcanic ash and debris that rushes down the side of a volcano
D)an opening in the side of a volcano
6.
High levels of silica causes magma to become __________.
A)more fluid
B)thicker
C)less dense
D)thinner
7.
What are batholiths?
A)magma bodies that cool slowly before they reach Earth's surface
B)magma bodies that cool quickly before they reach Earth's surface
C)hot magma flows that cool slowly before they reach Earth's surface
D)hot magma flows that cool quickly before they reach Earth's surface
8.
What is the difference between a dike and a sill?
A)They form in the same direction, but they are created differently.
B)They form in the same direction, but are of different sizes.
C)Dikes are formed across horizontal cracks, and sills are formed across vertical ones.
D)Dikes are formed across vertical cracks, and sills are formed across horizontal ones.
9.
What is a vent?
A)a small fissure on the side of a volcano
B)the opening in a volcano
C)the steep depression around a volcano's opening
D)the remains of an eroded volcano
10.
Intrusive igneous rock bodies such as batholiths and sills form when __________.
A)a volcano erupts
B)magma solidifies underground
C)an earthquake occurs
D)lava solidifies on Earth's surface
11.
Volcanoes often are found in areas on Earth where __________.
A)rivers are found
B)plates fit together perfectly
C)plates collide
D)mountains are found
12.
Magma originates in which layer of Earth?
A)mantle
B)inner core
C)core
D)crust
13.
The Hawaiian Islands are formed because of __________.
A)diverging plates
B)converging plates
C)hot spots
D)subduction
14.
What causes magma to rise to the surface?
A)Magma is more dense than rock.
B)The rock forces the magma upward.
C)Magma is less dense than rock.
D)A force pulls the magma upward.
15.
A volcanic neck is the remains of a(n) ___________.
A)intrusive igneous rock
B)active volcano
C)eroded volcano
D)magma flow
16.
Intrusive igneous rocks are those which __________.
A)cool beneath Earth's surface
B)are composed of sediments found in flood beds
C)cool on Earth's surface
D)changed over time from one type of rock to another
17.
Cinder cone volcanic eruptions are ___________.
A)gradual and pour lava over the edges, which collects in pools
B)gradual and pour tephra over the edges
C)slow and occur over long periods of time
D)explosive and throw lava high into the air
18.
Calderas form __________.
A)continually
B)during an eruption
C)before an eruption
D)after an eruption
19.
Composite volcanoes are found mostly where ___________.
A)Earth's plates come together and one plate sinks beneath the other
B)hot spots in the mantle occur
C)rifts in Earth's surface occur
D)Earth's plates pull apart
20.
Shield volcanoes are the result of __________.
A)basaltic lava flows
B)andesitic lava flows
C)basaltic and andesitic lava flows
D)granitic lava flows
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