Upon completing this chapter, the student should be able to:

1. Explain how humans vary in external morphology (size, shape, and color).
2. Explain how humans vary genetically.
3. Discuss how the biocultural approach can explain these patterns of variation.
4. Explain how we know that there are no races (biological subspecies) in modern humans.
5. Explain why we continue to use simplistic racial categories for humanity when we know they are not accurate.