1 Biology, the Study of Life 2 PART I Organisms Are Composed of Cells 22
2 Basic Chemistry and Cells 24
3 Organic Molecules and Cells 42
4 Structure and Function of Cells 62
5 Dynamic Activities of Cells 84
6 Pathways of Photosynthesis 104
7 Pathways of Cellular Respiration 122 PART II Genes Control the Traits of Organisms 140
8 Cell Division and Reproduction 142
9 Patterns of Genetic Inheritance 168
10 Molecular Biology of Inheritance 190
11 Regulation of Gene Activity 210
12 Biotechnology and Genomics 228 PART III Organisms Are Related and Adapted to Their Environment 246
13 Darwin and Evolution 248
14 Speciation and Evolution 270
15 The Evolutionary History of Life on Earth 290
16 Evolution of Microbial Life 308
17 Evolution of Protists 332
18 Evolution of Plants and Fungi 350
19 Evolution of Animals 378
20 Evolution of Humans 410 PART IV Plants Are Homeostatic 429
21 Plant Organization and Homeostasis 430
22 Transport and Nutrition in Plants 450
23 Control of Growth and Responses in Plants 468
24 Reproduction in Plants 488 PART V Animals Are Homeostatic 505
25 Animal Organization and Homeostasis 506
26 Coordination by Neural Signaling 524
27 Sense Organs 548
28 Locomotion and Support Systems 568
29 Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems 588
30 Lymph Transport and Immunity 608
31 Digestive Systems and Nutrition 626
32 Gas Exchange and Transport in Animals 648
33 Osmoregulation and Excretion 664
34 Coordination by Hormone Signaling 680
35 Reproduction and Development 698 PART VI Organisms Live in Ecosystems 724
36 Population Ecology 726
37 Behavioral Ecology 742
38 Community and Ecosystem Ecology 758
39 Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere 780
40 Conservation Biology 798
2011