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| 1 | Worldwide, what is the estimated total number of HIV infections through 2014? |
 | A) | 890 thousand |
| B) | 50 million |
| C) | 66 million |
| D) | 81 million |
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| 2 | The estimated percent of new HIV infections now occurring in industrialized countries is: |
| A) | 5% |
| B) | 25% |
| C) | 50% |
| D) | 80% |
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| 3 | The estimated total number of deaths expected worldwide due to AIDS through the end of 2014: |
| A) | 8 million |
| B) | 30 million |
| C) | 73 million |
| D) | 94 million |
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| 4 | What term is used to identify those people who do not believe HIV causes AIDS? |
| A) | Unorthodox |
| B) | Dissidents |
| C) | Conformists |
| D) | Repressives |
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| 5 | Peter Duesberg believes that there is no single causative agent of AIDS. He believes, instead, that it is due to: |
| A) | The drug, AZT |
| B) | Mild hypochondria caused by medical staff |
| C) | One’s lifestyle |
| D) | A and C |
| E) | All of the above |
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| 6 | When South Africa’s Health Minister (Manto Tshabalala-Msimang) suggested garlic and lemon to protect people from AIDS, she… |
| A) | Was giving misleading information. |
| B) | Was making a sarcastic political point. |
| C) | Was obeying President Thabo Mbeki’s directions. |
| D) | Was correct. |
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| 7 | How many nucleotides form the genetic code of HIV? |
| A) | 13,468 |
| B) | 9,749 |
| C) | 1,470 |
| D) | 40,211 |
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| 8 | Which virus is incorrectly paired with the cell type it mainly attacks? |
| A) | Hepatitis – liver cells |
| B) | HIV – Human immune system cells |
| C) | Flu – Human respiratory tract cells |
| D) | Polio – Lymphatic System cells |
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| 9 | Viruses can reproduce successfully in: |
| A) | Bacteria |
| B) | Protozoa |
| C) | Plants |
| D) | Higher animals |
| E) | All of the above |
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| 10 | The first R5 co-receptor HIV inhibitor is: |
| A) | Sustiva |
| B) | Intelence |
| C) | Isentress |
| D) | Selzentry |
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| 11 | Using viral load as a surrogate marker for evaluating antiretroviral therapy is imperfect. Why? |
| A) | T4 cell counts vary greatly from day to day. |
| B) | Standardizing methods of counting T4 cells is difficult. |
| C) | Viral load does not always predict immunological and clinical benefit. |
| D) | All of the above |
| E) | None of the above |
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| 12 | Currently, about ___________ % of HIV infected people will progress to AIDS if not treated: |
| A) | 25 |
| B) | 50 |
| C) | 75 |
| D) | 95 |
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| 13 | These membrane molecules allow immune cells to identify a substance or agent as “self.” |
| A) | Ligands |
| B) | Class I Proteins |
| C) | Antigens |
| D) | T4 or CD4+ lymphocytes |
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| 14 | Lymphocytes have been divided into 2 classes based on… |
| A) | Whether or not they are derived from bone marrow. |
| B) | Whether or not blood circulates them. |
| C) | Where the cells mature. |
| D) | Who discovered them. |
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| 15 | Any substance or agent that triggers the creation of antibodies is considered: |
| A) | Foreign |
| B) | Non-self |
| C) | Tolerant |
| D) | Both a & b |
| E) | All of the above |
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| 16 | Which of the following is not one of the six most common AIDS-related OI’s? |
| A) | Cytomegalovirus |
| B) | Pneumocystis pneumonia |
| C) | Herpes simplex reinfection |
| D) | Candidal esophagitis |
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| 17 | In untreated HIV positive adolescents/adults, the first OI’s to surface are: |
| A) | Skin infections |
| B) | Herpes simplex infection |
| C) | Oral hairy leukoplakia |
| D) | Thrush of mouth and tongue |
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| 18 | HAART patients have successful immune responses to: |
| A) | Pathogens they encounter regularly. |
| B) | Pathogens for which they were not vaccinated. |
| C) | All pathogens. |
| D) | All pathogens which are not deadly. |
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| 19 | In the United States, of those infected, about _____% do not yet know they are HIV positive. |
| A) | 5-10 |
| B) | 16-19 |
| C) | 20-23 |
| D) | 27-30 |
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| 20 | About how much money has the U.S. federal government spent on HIV/AIDS in the past 26 years? |
| A) | $400 billion |
| B) | $102 billion |
| C) | $96 billion |
| D) | $4.5 billion |
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| 21 | By the end of 2014, about _____ people worldwide are expected to have been infected with HIV. |
| A) | 105 million |
| B) | 66 million |
| C) | 1.2 billion |
| D) | 30 million |
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| 22 | While a relatively inefficient mode of transmission, _____________ accounts for 90% of HIV infections worldwide. |
| A) | Sexual transmission. |
| B) | Intravenous transmission. |
| C) | Airborne exposure |
| D) | Transfusion of blood. |
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| 23 | Which of the following is an effective mode of HIV transmission? |
| A) | Sharing eating utensils or toothbrushes. |
| B) | Parasitic insects. |
| C) | Tears. |
| D) | Toilet seats. |
| E) | None of the above |
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| 24 | Which of the following is not one of the three patterns of HIV epidemics? |
| A) | Hemophilia/coagulation disorders |
| B) | Male-to-male sexual transmission |
| C) | Heterosexual transmission |
| D) | Needle sharing among people who inject narcotics |
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| 25 | The current practice in the United States is to designate federal government prevention resources to states based on the proportion of: |
| A) | Reported AIDS cases. |
| B) | Reported HIV cases. |
| C) | Total population. |
| D) | Land mass. |
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| 26 | The annual cost of treating the average patient in America with HIV is about: |
| A) | $14,000. |
| B) | $20,000. |
| C) | $24,000. |
| D) | $32,000. |
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| 27 | Choose the false statement. |
| A) | HIV prevention has to be perfect to be effective. |
| B) | Since the implementation of prevention education in the U.S., the rate of new HIV infections has dropped. |
| C) | The rate of new HIV infections now remains stable at about 56,000 new infections per year. |
| D) | There is no HIV/AIDS vaccine in the immediate future. |
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| 28 | The scientific community, activists, health officials and government leaders working on HIV/AIDS meet every _____ for an International AIDS Conference. |
| A) | 6 months |
| B) | 2 years |
| C) | 1 year |
| D) | 5 years |
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| 29 | Worldwide, new HIV infections ____except in Africa where they _______. |
| A) | peaked in 2010; will peak 2015 |
| B) | peaked in 1995; will peak 2025 |
| C) | peaked in 1985; will peak 2012 |
| D) | peaked in 1995; peaked in 2005 |
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| 30 | Prevalence refers to |
| A) | The number of times an event occurs in a given time |
| B) | The percentage of the population that is affected at a given time |
| C) | The total population divided by the number of AIDS cases |
| D) | None of the above |
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| 31 | Which reason was not mentioned as to why women are more vulnerable to HIV infection than men? |
| A) | HIV in semen is in higher concentration than in vaginal secretions. |
| B) | The vaginal area has a much larger mucosal area for exposure than the penis. |
| C) | HIV in semen is in higher concentration than in cervical secretions. |
| D) | The vaginal area has a lower affinity for HIV than the penis. |
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| 32 | Transmission of HIV from male to female is _____ more efficient than from female to male. |
| A) | about 7 times |
| B) | about 5 times |
| C) | about 3 times |
| D) | no |
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| 33 | By 2004, over _______% of HIV transmission worldwide was associated with heterosexual intercourse. |
| A) | 10 |
| B) | 25 |
| C) | 50 |
| D) | 90 |
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| 34 | What date is Global Youth AIDS Day, a movement by youth to bring an end to AIDS? |
| A) | August 16 |
| B) | December 4 |
| C) | June 3 |
| D) | February 26 |
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| 35 | Every hour _____ young adults become HIV infected in the U.S., translating to over _____ new HIV cases each year. |
| A) | 4; 10% |
| B) | 2; 15% |
| C) | 3; 40% |
| D) | 3; 20% |
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| 36 | Most young adults who become HIV infected do so by the end of their 24th year and usually die of AIDS by their _____ birthday. |
| A) | 25th |
| B) | 80th |
| C) | 35th |
| D) | 45th |
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| 37 | National HIV Testing Day falls on what date? |
| A) | June 27 |
| B) | February 14 |
| C) | September 3 |
| D) | November 30 |
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| 38 | In the U.S., about _____% of adults, ages 18 to 64, have never been tested for HIV: |
| A) | 12 |
| B) | 34 |
| C) | 95 |
| D) | 46 |
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| 39 | This immunological test involves antibodies forming a complex with a given antigen, adding enzyme and a reagent to cause a color change indicating the presence of HIV antibodies: |
| A) | ELISA |
| B) | Western Blot |
| C) | PCR |
| D) | STARHS |
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| 40 | Stigma and discrimination serve to propagate this disease because |
| A) | Individuals do not feel confident to disclose their positive status. |
| B) | Individuals do not feel free to disclose their positive status. |
| C) | The disease remains silent and spreads relentlessly. |
| D) | All of the above |
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| 41 | Currently, 1 in every _____ people on Earth is infected with HIV. |
| A) | 10 |
| B) | 50 |
| C) | 200 |
| D) | 110 |
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| 42 | In 1998, Jonathan Mann, former head of the WHO’s Global Program on AIDS, said that there are 3 HIV/AIDS epidemics. Which of the following was not one of those three? |
| A) | The epidemic of stigma and persecution |
| B) | The epidemic of silent infection by HIV. |
| C) | The epidemic of AIDS, the disease itself. |
| D) | The epidemic of the social, cultural, economical, and political reaction to HIV/AIDS. |