Human Geography: Landscapes of Human Activities, 11th Edition (Fellmann)

Chapter 10: Patterns of Development and Change

Quiz



1.

Where a country falls along the continuum ranging from less developed to more developed is based solely upon quantifiable economic variables.
A)True
B)False
2.

"Emerging economy" is considered a more positive synonym for "underdeveloped economy" when discussing world development.
A)True
B)False
3.

The least developed countries have been identified by the UN as a group known as the _________________.
A)First World
B)Second World
C)Third World
D)Fourth World
E)Fifth World
4.

The Brandt Report explains underdevelopment in part as a function of climate. This argument, one of environmental determinism, is rejected by human geographers such as your authors.
A)True
B)False
5.

Underdevelopment is solely a function of overpopulation.
A)True
B)False
6.

States containing large reserves of natural resources automatically are considered to be developed.
A)True
B)False
7.

Which of the following factors was judged to be least important by the Harvard Institute for International Development for explaining global differences in economic development?
A)demographic change
B)initial economic level
C)physical geography
D)government policy
8.

According to the United Nations, which of the following is the crucial factor for whether or not poverty-fighting and sustainable development is achieved?
A)demographic change
B)initial economic level
C)physical geography
D)"good government"
9.

The core-periphery model can be applied to which countries?
A)United States
B)Japan
C)France
D)Germany
E)all of the above
10.

The core-periphery model can be applied at which scale of geo-spatial inquiry?
A)state/province
B)national
C)continental
D)global
E)all of the above
11.

The comparison of the goods and services the same amount of money can actually buy in different countries is an economic measurement of development known as ____________________.
A)currency exchange rate
B)gross domestic product
C)gross national product
D)purchasing power parity
12.

Economic activities that are conducted as "underground" transactions to avoid taxation are most detrimental to a developing state's ____________________.
A)currency exchange rate
B)gross domestic product
C)gross national product
D)purchasing power parity
13.

The most developed economies, also known as the industrial economies, remain the core in the core-periphery model of economic development and are reflected in part by the high percentage of world exports produced by them. What is that percentage?
A)45%
B)50%
C)60%
D)75%
E)90%
14.

Which of the following is a component in the UNDP human poverty index?
A)percentage of underweight small children
B)illiteracy
C)probability of not surviving to age 40
D)lack of clean water
E)all of the above
15.

Since the Industrial Revolution, the technology gap between developed and less-developed states has ________________.
A)decreased
B)remained stable
C)increased slightly
D)increased greatly
16.

According to the table of Relative Characteristics of Development, each positive factor listed for the developed economies is mirrored negatively for the less developed economies.
A)True
B)False
17.

As a measure of economic development, it is the consumption, not the production, of energy which is emphasized.
A)True
B)False
18.

Low consumption of energy and low per capita gross national product is closely associated with having what percentage of the workforce engaged in agriculture?
A)low
B)middle
C)high
D)The relationship is not related to development.
19.

Nourishment levels are as valid an indicator of economic development as dollar-indexed measures of production.
A)True
B)False
20.

Rostow's Model of Economic Development originally had how many stages in it?
A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five
21.

Which is the most crucial stage in Rostow's Model of Economic Development?
A)Traditional Society
B)Pre-conditions to take-off
C)Take-off
D)Drive to Maturity
E)Age of Mass Consumption
22.

Debt relief is increasingly being accepted as one means to help the least developed countries try to overcome some of the fiscal barriers to economic development.
A)True
B)False
23.

Which of these is a non-economic measurement of economic development?
A)education
B)public services
C)health
D)all of the above
E)none of the above
24.

The Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI) is an accepted means of measuring development and well-being.
A)True
B)False
25.

Which of the following were officially proclaimed by resolutions of the United Nations to be "Development Decades" and thereby deserving of intensified efforts to close the development gap?
A)1960s
B)1970s
C)1980s
D)All of the above.
26.

The inability for a country to reach its potential with its given labor, natural resources and available technology is termed
A)poverty.
B)underdevelopment.
C)deprivation.
D)deficiency.
27.

According to the United Nations (UN) as of 2002 what percentage of people were living on a wage of less than $2 per day?
A)0%, as no one could survive on such a low wage.
B)5%, since these people don’t work and earn a wage.
C)16%, as this includes children and retirees.
D)42%, nearly half the world’s population.
28.

As of 2003 the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) estimated that the region suffering most from malnutrition over 50% of its population was
A)Northern African.
B)Southern South America.
C)Eastern Europe.
D)Sub-Saharan Africa.
29.

Which of the following is true regarding the use of the HDI (Human development index)?
A)It is not useful in distinguishing development levels of countries with the highest income levels.
B)The HDI includes spiritual happiness and intellectual advances allowing lower income countries to be ranked higher than they are in other similar indices.
C)The rankings of the HDI for the poorest least developed countries of the world are from matching those labeled as the least developed by the UN (United nations).
D)The HDI does not include life expectancies, since a human, on average, can only expect to live to about 75 years of age.
30.

Which of the following statistics has a negative correlation with the level of development of a country?
A)The percentage of labor in the agricultural workforce.
B)Access to potable water.
C)The percentage of the population that is urbanized.
D)The literacy rate.
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