History of the Modern World, 10th Edition (Palmer)

Chapter 17: The First World War

Primary Sources, Maps and Images

• [Image A Global Conflict]
• [Image Young German men, August 1914]
• [Image German remains at Verdun]

LXXXV. The International Anarchy

1. Rival Alliances: Triple Alliance versus Triple Entente
• [Primary Source Kaiser Wilhelm II, A Place in the Sun, 1901]
• [Image Kaiser Wilhelm II]
• [Primary Source The Triple Alliance]
• [Primary Source Bismarck's "reinsurance" treaty with Russia]
• [Primary Source Franco-Russian Alliance]
• [Image German Fleet Association, 1902]
• [Image German battleship]
• [Primary Source The Anglo-Japanese Alliance, 1902]
• [Primary Source Entente cordiale]
• [Primary Source Anglo-Russian agreement, 1907]

2. The Crisis in Morocco and the Balkans
• [Map Diplomatic Crises, 1905-14]
• [Primary Source Anglo-French Agreement on Morocco]
• [Primary Source The First Moroccan Crisis, 1905]
• [Image German gunboat Panther]
• [Image David Lloyd George]
• [Primary Source David Lloyd George speech on the German menace, July 1911]
• [Image Nationalities of Hungary in 1901]
• [Primary Source Annexation of Bosnia]
• [Image Austrians take Bosnia-Herzegovina]
• [Image Serbian women learning to shoot]
• [Primary Source Young Turks, Proclamation for the Ottoman Empire, 1908]
• [Image Constantinople]
• [Primary Source Second Balkan war]

3. The Sarajevo Crisis and the Outbreak of War
• [Primary Source Constitution of Union of Death]
• [Primary Source Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand]
• [Primary Source The German "blank check" to Austria]
• [Map German invasion of Belgium]

LXXXVI. The Armed Stalemate

• [Primary Source The Schlieffen Plan]
• [Map The Schlieffen Plan ]

1. The War on Land, 1914-1916
• [Image Helmuth von Moltke]
• [Image General Joseph Joffre]
• [Map Battle of the Marne]
• [Map Battle lines extended to the sea]
• [Image Battle of Tannenberg]
• [Image Russian cavalry]
• [Image Machine gun]
• [Primary Source Trench warfare begins]
• [Image Trench warfare]
• [Primary Source Donald Fraser, My Daily Journal, 1915-1916]
• [Primary Source Gallipoli]
• [Image Tanks in action]

2. The War at Sea
• [Primary Source U.S. Protests Against Allied Maritime Warfare]
• [Image German postcard, 1915: Inside a submarine]
• [Image Take up the Sword of Justice]
• [Primary Source U.S. Lusitania Note to Germany, May 1915]
• [Primary Source Battle of Jutland]

3. Diplomatic Maneuvers and Secret Agreements
• [Image Ottoman Empire Joined Germany and Austria Hungary]
• [Image Turkey enters war]
• [Primary Source Treaty of London, April 1915]
• [Primary Source Italians Join the Allies]
• [Image Ottoman sultan as caliph proclaims holy war]
• [Image Roger Casement]
• [Image Proclamation of the Irish Republic, 1916]
• [Primary Source Zimmermann Telegram]
• [Image T.E. Lawrence]
• [Primary Source T.E. Lawrence, Personal Notes on the Sherifial Family]
• [Image Emir Hussein of Hejaz]
• [Primary Source Balfour Declaration, November 1917]
• [Primary Source Japan ultimatum to Germany, August 1914]
• [Image Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg]

LXXXVII. The Collapse of Russia and the Intervention of the United States

1. The Withdrawal of Russia: Revolution and the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
• [Primary Source Diaries of Nicholas II, 1917]
• [Primary Source Abdication of Nicholas II]
• [Primary Source Russian Provisional Government]
• [Image Fighting in Petrograd, July 1917]
• [Primary Source Resolutions adopted by the First All-Russian Congress of Soviets, June 1917]
• [Primary Source Lenin, Call to Power, Oct 24, 1917]
• [Primary Source Decree on Peace, November 1917]
• [Image Signing the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk]
• [Primary Source Treaty of Brest-Litovsk]
• [Map Russian territory lost after Treaty of Brest-Litovsk]
• [Image Field Marshall Paul von Hindenburg]
• [Image General Ludendorff]
• [Image German spring offensive, 1918]

2. The United States and the War
• [Primary Source Germans debate renewal of unrestricted submarine warfare, January 1917]
• [Primary Source President Woodrow Wilson's War Message, April 1917]
• [Image I want you for U.S. Army]
• [Image Victory Bonds will Help Stop This]
• [Secondary Discussion/Primary Sources] Food Rationing]
• [Primary Source Battle of Passchendaele]
• [Secondary Discussion/Primary Sources] Battle of Cambrai]

3. The Final Phase of the War
• [Image The Armistice]
• [Primary Source The End of World War 1]

LXXXVIII. The Collapse of the Austrian and German Empires

• [Image Austrian emperor Charles I]
• [Image Prince Max of Baden]
• [Image Revolutionary sailors, Berlin, 9 Nov. 1918]
• [Image Workers council, Berlin, Dec 1918]
• [Image Abdication of Kaiser William II]
• [Image Weimar Republic proclaimed]

LXXXIX. The Economic and Social Impact of the War

1. Effects on Capitalism: Government-Regulated Economies
• [Image Women of Britain Say Go]
• [Image "We?re all too busy just now"]
• [Image Women munitions workers]
• [Image Women's Auxiliary Army Corps]
• [Image War production]
• [Image "War socialism" in Germany: Furnishings expropriated]
• [Image Walter Rathenau]
• [Image U.S. War Industries Board]

2. Inflation, Industrial Changes, Control of Ideas
• [Image Russian propaganda: German atrocities in Poland]
• [Image French propaganda: the war is the national industry of Prussia, 1917]
• [Image British anti-German propaganda]
• [Image American anti-German propaganda]
• [Image Hun or Home? American anti-German propaganda]
• [Image Destroy This Mad Brute: American anti-German propaganda]
• [Image Back him up. Buy war bonds]
• [Image The War Illustrated]
• [Primary Source Propaganda Leaflets]

2. Cultural Pessimism
• [Image Charles Peguy]
• [Primary Source Rupert Brooke, War Sonnets]
• [Primary Source Siegfried Sassoon, "How to Die"]
• [Primary Source Wifred Owen, "Dulce et Decorum Est"]
• [Primary Source Sigmund Freud, Civilization and its Discontents]
• [Image Oswald Spengler]
• [Primary Source Oswald Spengler, The Decline of the West]
• [Primary Source Tristan Tzara, Dadaism]
• [Image Surrealism: Andre Mare, Zillebecke Trench]
• [Primary Source A Surrealist Manifesto]
• [Image Thomas Mann]
• [Primary Source W. B. Yeats, "The Second Coming"]
• [Image Futuristic warfare]

LXXXX. The Peace of Paris, 1919

• [Primary Source Treaty of St. Germain (with Austria)]
• [Primary Source Treaty of Trianon (with Hungary)]
• [Primary Source Treaty of Neuilly (with Bulgaria)]
• [Primary Source Treaty of Sevres (with Turkey)]

1. The Fourteen Points and the Treaty of Versailles
• [Primary Source The Fourteen Points]
• [Image The Big Four at Versailles]
• [Primary Source League of Nations Covenant]
• [Primary Source Anglo-French-American guarantee treaty, November 1918]
• [Primary Source The Treaty of Versailles]

2. Significance of the Paris Peace Settlement
• [Map Post-war new nations]