About the Cover

Artifacts of a bowling-like sport can be traced to 3200 B.C. Today, 100 million, or 10⁸, people in over 90 countries enjoy bowling, or ten pins, as a recreational activity.

Bowling is played by rolling a ball, or bowl, down a narrow track. The goal is to knock down ten pins, which are placed in a triangular arrangement. A game consists of ten frames. A bowler is allowed two balls per frame, with an opportunity for two bonus balls at the end of the game. Applying the sport's rules, a perfect score of 300 is achieved when a player knocks down all ten pins with each roll.

Typically, three games are played in competitive situations. Suppose a player's average, or mean, score is 240. If the player rolled games of 230 and 235, the player would need to roll a game of 255 to achieve the mean score.