Earth Science: The Changing Surface of Earth, Book G

Chapter 4: Water Erosion and Deposition

Water Erosion and Deposition

1
The wearing away of soil and rock is called __________.
A)runoff
B)drainage
C)erosion
D)infiltration
2
In river systems, channels connect different parts of the drainage basin. In groundwater systems, instead of channels there are __________.
A)springs
B)pumps
C)caves
D)pores
3
Runoff is water that __________.
A)we drink
B)doesn't soak into the ground or evaporate
C)creates groundwater
D)soaks into the ground
4
A delta is created when __________.
A)sediments are deposited as water empties into a river
B)river water empties from a mountain valley onto an open plain
C)a rill or gully empties into a stream
D)sediments are deposited as water empties into an ocean
5
An example of an impermeable material is __________.
A)aquifer
B)slate
C)sandstone
D)granite
6
Artesian wells use __________ to bring water to the surface.
A)a pump
B)pressure
C)buckets
D)gravity
7
If too much groundwater is pumped out of the water table ___________.
A)the land could sink
B)it will cause the land level to rise
C)the zone of saturation will disappear
D)the permeable materials could become impermeable
8
Barrier islands lay parallel to the shore and ___________.
A)are short term coastal features
B)are unaffected by severe weather
C)are found below sea level
D)may last several centuries or longer
9
__________ are built to attempt to prevent flooding.
A)Rivers and streams
B)Channels and drainage basins
C)Dams and levees
D)Meanders and geysers
10
Broad, c-shaped curves in streams are called __________.
A)levees
B)geysers
C)water tables
D)meanders
11
The water table is found in the upper surface of __________.
A)the zone of saturation
B)impermeable rock
C)pores
D)the zone of permeability
12
Which is a factor that affects runoff?
A)the amount of rain that falls
B)gravity
C)all answers are correct
D)the length of time that rain falls
13
What is the largest drainage basin in the United States?
A)the Mississippi River
B)the Colorado River
C)the Snake River
D)the Missouri River
14
What defines a stream as a young stream?
A)the size of the stream
B)the location of the stream
C)It flows quickly through a steep valley.
D)the period of time the stream has been there
15
What part does erosion play in the development of mature streams?
A)It smoothes the bottom of the riverbed.
B)It wears down the rocks that cause waterfalls in young streams.
C)It creates channels.
D)It pulls sediments from the riverbed.
16
Stalactites are formed in __________.
A)the water table
B)the zone of saturation
C)the ceilings of caves
D)river channels
17
How does a stream channel become deeper and wider?
A)Sediment is removed by the running water.
B)Gravity pulls the stream channel downward.
C)Sediment is moved out by humans.
D)The force of the water forces the edges outward.
18
What is the difference between rill and gully erosion?
A)Gully erosion creates much smaller channels than rill erosion.
B)Rill erosion creates much larger channels than gully erosion.
C)Gully erosion creates much larger channels than rill erosion.
D)Gully erosion takes much longer than rill erosion.
19
Streams are parts of _________ systems.
A)ocean
B)river
C)lake
D)rill
20
Springs are formed when the water table is ___________.
A)saturated
B)close to Earth's surface
C)deep within Earth
D)empty
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