Chemistry: Matter and Change

Chapter 4: The Structure of the Atom

Chapter Test Practice

1
Why were Democritus's ideas not science?

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A)They were not supported by experiment.
B)They were partly incorrect.
C)They went against the ideas of more influential philosophers.
D)They were ahead of their time.
2
Which of the following parts of John Dalton's atomic theory were not correct?

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A)matter is composed of atoms
B)atoms are indivisible
C)atoms of one element differ from atoms of another
D)atoms combine to form compounds
3
What properties did Rutherford use in the design of the gold foil experiment?

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A)alpha particle's negative charge and random distribution of protons
B)alpha particle's negative charge and gold foil's positive charge
C)alpha particle's positive charge and electron's negative charge
D)positively charged electrons distributed in a uniform negative charge
4
In the plum pudding model of the atom, where is most of the mass of the atom?

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A)in the electrons
B)in the matter between the electrons
C)in the nucleus
D)in the protons
5
What can you conclude from the deflection of a cathode ray in a magnetic field?

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A)The ray must be composed of charged particles.
B)The ray must be composed of iron.
C)The ray must have a positive charge.
D)The ray must need to travel in a vacuum.
6
Why are all atomic masses not nearly whole numbers?

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A)This is due to the mass of all the electrons in the atom.
B)This is because of experimental error.
C)This is because atomic masses are the weighted average of the masses of all naturally-occurring isotopes.
D)This is due to binding energy of the atoms.
7
The atomic number of an element is defined by its number of ________.
A)protons
B)neutrons
C)electrons
D)nuclei
8
How is the atomic mass unit (amu) defined?
A)1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom
B)1/14 the mass of a nitrogen-14 atom
C)1/13 the mass of a carbon-13 atom
D)1/16 the mass of an oxygen-16 atom
9
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In the figure above, why are beta particles deflected more than alpha particles?
A)Beta particles are less massive than alphaparticles.
B)Beta partlcles have a larger electric charge than alpha particles.
C)Beta particles have more energy than the alpha particles.
D)Beta particles have a negative electric charge.
10
What is the charge of an alpha particle?
A)1+
B)2+
C)1-
D)0
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