Chemistry: Matter and Change

Chapter 21: Hydrocarbons

Chapter Test Practice

1
From the diagram, what is the relationship between boiling point and molecular size for hydrocarbons?

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A)There is no obvious relationship.
B)The smaller the molecule, the lower the boiling point.
C)The smaller the molecule, the higher the boiling point.
D)The larger the molecule, the lower the boiling point.
2
What idea was discredited by the artificial synthesis of organic compounds?
A)vitalism
B)atomism
C)dualism
D)sophism
3
Which of the following statements is not true about the named hydrocarbon?

4-ethyl-3,5-dimethyloctane
A)A methyl group branches from position 5
B)An ethyl group branches from position 4.
C)There eight carbon atoms in the longest chain.
D)An ethyl group branches from position 3.
4
What of the following is not true of the relationship between hexane and cyclohexane?

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A)Cyclohexane has two fewer hydrogen atoms than hexane.
B)Cyclohexane and hexane have the same number of carbon atoms.
C)Cyclohexane and hexane have the same properties and uses.
D)Unlike hexane, cyclohexane includes carbon-carbon bonds.
5
How many valence electrons are present in an ethyne molecule?

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A)5
B)8
C)10
D)12
6
If a particular alkene has only one double bond and four carbon atoms, how many hydrogen atoms are present?

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A)6
B)8
C)10
D)12
7
Consider the diagram. What operation would transform 2-methylbutane into pentane?

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A)Adding one carbon and three hydrogen atoms.
B)Moving the methyl group to the other end of the molecule.
C)This transformation is not possible.
D)Rotating the molecule.
8
In a stereoisomer, ________ means "on the same side" and ______ means "across from."

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A)cis; trans
B)cis; L
C)D; L
D)D; trans
9
In forming the aromatic compound p-Xylene (1,4-dimethylbenzene) from benzene, what do the two methyl groups replace?

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A)one hydrogen atom and one carbon atom
B)two hydrogen atoms
C)two carbon atoms
D)four hydrogen atoms
10
What principle determines the numbers in the substituted benzene ring 2-ethyl-1,4-dimethylbenzene?

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A)Make the numbers as large as possible.
B)Make the numbers as far apart as possible.
C)Make the numbers as close together as possible.
D)Make the numbers as small as possible.
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