Chemistry: Matter and Change

Chapter 14: Mixtures and Solutions

Standardized Test Practice

1
A colloid contains particles that ____________________.
A)are smaller than atoms
B)are between 1 nm and 1000 nm in diameter
C)settle out if left undisturbed
D)are atomic-size in scale
2
Which one of the following is an example of an emulsion?
A)shaving cream
B)fog
C)mayonnaise
D)styrofoam
3
In the ocean, water is the solvent. Which of the following is not a solute?
A)sand
B)sodium chloride
C)magnesium chloride
D)calcium chloride
4
How many grams of NaCl are dissolved in 500.0 mL of a 0.05M solution of NaCl?

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A)0.05 g
B)0.29 g
C)1.46 g
D)2.92 g
5
What mass of Ca(OH)2 is contained in 1500 mL of 0.0250M Ca(OH)2 solution?
A)3.17 g
B)2.78 g
C)1.85 g
D)2.34 g
6
Which of the concentration ratios is most often used when both the solvent and the solute are liquids?

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A)percent by mass
B)percent by volume
C)molarity
D)molality
7
Air contains 79% nitrogen and 21 % oxygen by volume. What is the molar fraction of oxygen in air? (Ignore any other minor gases in air)
A)0.24
B)0.18
C)0.79
D)0.21
8
The process of a solvent and a solute completely mixing and forming a solution is ________.
A)solvation
B)salvation
C)crystallization
D)ionization
9
A solution is said to be ________ when more solute can be dissolved in the solvent at a given temperature.
A)supersaturated
B)saturated
C)unsaturated
D)solvated
10
The decrease in solubility of a gas in a solution when the pressure is reduced is described by _________.

S1/P1 = S2/P2
A)Boyle's law
B)Henry's law
C)Charles's law
D)the ideal gas law
11
When the rate of solvation equals the rate of crystallization, the solution is ________.

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A)unsaturated
B)saturated
C)supersaturated
D)crystallized
12
Which of the following is not a colligative property?
A)freezing point depression
B)boiling point elevation
C)vapor pressure lowering
D)increasing solubility
13
Calculate the freezing point of a solution that contains 8.0 g of sucrose (C12H22O11) in 100 g of H2O. Kf for H2O = 1.86°C/m

ΔTf = Kf x m.
A)-0.044°C
B)-0.22°C
C)-0.39°C
D)-0.44°C
14
Which of the liquids listed in the table will have the lowest freezing point if solute is added to a concentration of 4.00 molal?

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A)water
B)benzene
C)carbon tetrachloride
D)ethanol
15
A 6.60-g sample of an electrolyte is dissolved in 105 g of water. The electrolyte dissociates into two particles. The solution boils at 101.10°C. Calculate the molar mass of the solute. Kb for water = 0.512°C/m.
A)58.5 g/mol
B)116.8 g/mol
C)29.2 g/mol
D)64.3 g/mol
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