Earth Science Geology, the Environment, and the Universe

Chapter 18: Volcanism

Standardized Test Practice-English

1
What type of magma has the lowest silica content and is the least explosive?
A)basaltic magma
B)granitic magma
C)andesitic magma
D)rhyolitic magma
2
_____ is a liquid's resistance to flow.
A)Specific gravity
B)Gravity
C)Viscosity
D)Weight
3
A __________ is a mushroom-shaped pluton with a round top and flat bottom.
A)laccolith
B)sill
C)batholith
D)stock
4
A pluton that cuts across preexisting rock is called a __________.
A)dike
B)stock
C)sill
D)laccolith
5
What is the name for an igneous intrusion that is smaller than a batholith but similar in shape?
A)sill
B)stock
C)dike
D)laccolith
6
What type of igneous pluton is tabular and parallel to surrounding rock layers?
A)a sill
B)a batholith
C)a dike
D)a stock
7
What two things does a volcano's appearance depend on?
A)type of material and eruption
B)type of eruption and temperature of the lava
C)type of material and viscosity
D)type of eruption and latitude
8
What is a pyroclastic flow?
A)a mixture of volcanic gas, ash, and other tephra
B)when lava comes out of a volcanic vent
C)lava that hardens into a batholith
D)poisonous gas of a volcano
9
Where do most volcanoes form?
A)in the southern hemisphere
B)at plate boundaries
C)far from plate boundaries
D)along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
10
How is a volcanic crater connected to a magma chamber?
A)by a vent
B)by tephra
C)by a hot spot
D)by a sill
11
What type of volcano forms from alternating layers of tephra and nonexplosive lava?
A)composite volcano
B)cinder cone
C)caldera
D)shield volcano
12
Rhyolitic magma has the highest viscosity of all magma. How is this related to its silica content, compared to the other magmas?
A)It has no silica.
B)It’s the same.
C)It’s the lowest.
D)It’s the highest.
13
What happens as a lithospheric plate moves over a hot spot?
A)The plate descends in to the mantle.
B)A chain of volcanoes forms.
C)the pressure of the plate keeps magma below Earth's surface.
D)The hot spot is pushed to the edge of the plate.
14
Mount St. Helens erupted with a massive cloud of dust and ash. What type of volcano is Mount St. Helens?
A)hot spot
B)shield
C)composite
D)cinder cone
15
Which relationship between geologic structures and plate boundaries is most accurate?
A)Explosive volcanoes most often occur near convergent boundaries.
B)Folded mountains commonly develop at divergent boundaries.
C)Rift valleys are usually produced at convergent boundaries.
D)Volcanic arcs are usually found along transform boundaries.
16
When magma emerges explosively from a volcano, it often forms rocky fragments called tephra. The largest pieces of tephra are called _________ .
A)lava chunks
B)magma rocks
C)tephra balls
D)volcanic blocks
17
What is the name for a large creator formed when a magma chamber collapses?
A)volcanic canyon
B)depression
C)caldera
D)sinkhole
18
Which best characterizes a composite volcano?
A)violent eruptions producing gentle slopes
B)violent eruptions producing steep slopes
C)voluminous lava flows producing gentle slopes
D)voluminous lava floes producing steep slopes
19
What type of volcano forms as small pieces of tephra fall back toward the vent and build up around it?
A)cinder cone
B)composite
C)lava dome
D)shield
20
A wide, dome-shaped volcano built from thin, freely flowing lava is called a(n) __________ .
A)composite volcano
B)umbrella volcano
C)shield volcano
D)drumlin volcano
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