Understanding Psychology

Chapter 3: Infancy and Childhood

Multiple Choice Quiz

1
Developmental psychologists believe that our behaviors are the result of ____.
A)genetics
B)learning
C)both genetics and learning
D)neither genetics nor learning
2
Automatic, coordinated movement patterns that can be triggered by the right stimulus are called ____.
A)reflexes
B)rooting
C)grasping
D)maturation
3
Which of the following statements about infant development is NOT TRUE?
A)Developments that a child experiences in the first two years of life are due to both maturation and learning.
B)In the right environment, a child can be taught to walk or speak before the child is physiologically ready.
C)The maturational plan within each child is unique.
D)Research implies that newborns have perception capabilities that improve as they get older.
4
Some scientists believe that humans are able to surpass chimps in language skills due primarily to humans' ability to ____.
A)speak
B)write
C)give meaning to symbols
D)use grammatical rules
5
If a child says, "Mommy, I hungry," the child is using ____ speech.
A)telegraphic
B)telephonic
C)telepathic
D)cryptic
6
The ___ stage is the First in Jean Piaget's stages of cognitive development
A)concrete operations
B)preoperational
C)sensorimotor
D)formal operations
7
When a child realizes that an object continues to exist even though it cannot be seen or touched, the child is demonstrating the concept of ____.
A)conservation
B)object permanence
C)assimilation
D)accommodation
8
Infants begin to form an emotional attachment to their mothers or a surrogate mother at ____.
A)birth
B)about 3 months
C)about 6 months
D)about 1 year
9
Research suggests that children who grow up in a(n) ____ household are more likely to make decisions on their own with final approval reserved for parents.
A)authoritative
B)democratic
C)permissive/laissez-faire
D)uninvolved
10
In Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development, ____ is the process of a boy trying to internalize his father's morality and values.
A)identification
B)role taking
C)latency stage
D)sublimation
11
In his view of human development Erik Erikson argues that the need for ____ is just as important as a child's sexual and aggressive urges.
A)attention
B)social approval
C)independence
D)contentment
12
When children are rewarded for conforming they are learning social rules through ____ processes.
A)role-taking
B)modeling
C)conditioning
D)imitation
13
Which of the following statements about the cognitive-development and learning theory approaches to social development is TRUE?
A)Cognitive theorists see the child as the shaper of his environment while learning theorists contend that the environment shapes the child.
B)Learning theorists see the child as the shaper of her environment while cognitive theorists contend that the environment shapes the child.
C)The cognitive and learning theories of development are essentially the same.
D)Cognitive theorists believe that children learn social development through conditioning and imitation.
14
Lawrence Kohlberg's research on the development of moral reasoning determined that ____ was the most important factor in moral development.
A)honesty
B)the ability to reason
C)self-esteem
D)being able to see other people's points of view
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