Florida Science Grade 8

Chapter 5: Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonds

Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonds

1
Most of an atom's mass is contained in __________.
A)its outer energy shell
B)the electron cloud
C)the electron orbits
D)its nucleus
2
A(n) __________ is a bond in which electrons are shared unequally.
A)polar bond
B)ionic
C)intermediate
D)nonpolar
3
How many electrons does an atom of carbon have in its outer energy level?
A)12
B)6
C)8
D)4
4
The ions in ionic compounds are held together by __________.
A)equal sharing of electrons
B)ionic bonds
C)covalent bonds
D)unequal sharing of electrons
5
Which of the following is NOT true of the elements in Group 18?
A)They are all nonmetals.
B)They include the noble gases.
C)Their outer energy levels are complete.
D)They are all metalloids.
6
A(n) __________ is formed between atoms when they share electrons.
A)covalent bond
B)electrical bond
C)ionic bond
D)salt
7
The first version of the periodic table of the elements was created by __________.
A)Mendeleev
B)Mendelssohn
C)Mendel
D)Minsk
8
The __________ an energy level is from the nucleus, the __________ electrons it can hold.
A)closer, more
B)farther, more tightly bound
C)farther, more
D)farther, fewer
9
What do atoms of boron and aluminum have in common?
A)They are metals.
B)They are metalloids.
C)They have the same number of neutrons in their nuclei.
D)They have three electrons in their outer energy levels.
10
Which of the following contains polar bonds?
A)nitrogen molecules
B)magnesium chloride
C)water molecules
D)sodium fluoride
11
A(n) __________ is a method of representing atoms and the electrons in their outer energy levels.
A)chemical formula
B)electron dot diagram
C)chemical symbol
D)chemical equation
12
Based on what you know about sodium chloride, which of the following elements would you expect to form an ionic salt?
A)sodium and carbon
B)potassium and nitrogen
C)sodium and phosphorus
D)potassium and iodine
13
A(n) __________ is a force that holds two atoms together.
A)isotope
B)chemical compound
C)ion
D)chemical bond
14
Electrons in the sphere closest to the nucleus are in the __________ energy level.
A)middle
B)highest
C)negative
D)lowest
15
A double bond is one in which __________.
A)an atom loses two pairs of electrons to another atom
B)atoms share two pairs of electrons
C)two atoms are joined by sharing electrons
D)three pairs of electrons are shared
16
A chlorine atom has 17 protons and 18 neutrons. How many electrons does it have?
A)17
B)18
C)1
D)35
17
The atomic number of calcium is 20. How many protons does a calcium atom contain?
A)10
B)40
C)20
D)0
18
What do lithium, sodium, and potassium have in common?
A)They are all nonmetals.
B)They are all Group I elements.
C)They are all metalloids.
D)They all have two electrons in their outer energy levels.
19
A(n) __________ is a pure substance that contains two or more elements.
A)solution
B)compound
C)molecule
D)ion
20
An ionic salt is made up of __________ and __________ lined up in a regular pattern.
A)negative metal ions, positive metalloid ions
B)negative metal ions, positive nonmetal ion
C)positive metal ions, negative nonmetal ions
D)positive metal ion, noble gases
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