Glencoe Physical Science with Earth Science

Chapter 17: Weather and Climate

Weather and Climate

1
Which is not a trace gas?
A)argon
B)nitrogen
C)ozone
D)carbon dioxide
2
The _______ is the layer of the atmosphere where most weather occurs.
A)lithosphere
B)asthenosphere
C)troposhere
D)stratosphere
3
Temperature _______ is an increase of temperature with height, resulting in very stable air that resists the rising needed for cloud formation or dipersal.
A)adversion
B)inversion
C)climax
D)stucture
4
_______ is energy released or absorbed during the phase changes of water, such as evaporating water or melting snow.
A)Greenhouse effect
B)Latent heat
C)Urban heat island
D)Coriolis effect
5
How does smog form?
A)Smog forms when temperatures decrease rapidly and water vapor condenses.
B)Smog forms when pollutants trigger condensation in air that is not fully saturated with water vapor.
C)Smog forms when there are few condensation nuclei present.
D)Smog forms when cirrus clouds release droplets.
6
How does pressure affect wind direction?
A)Wind blows from low pressure to high pressure.
B)Wind direction is influenced by the equal heating between the equator and the poles.
C)Wind blows faster as Earth rotates faster.
D)Wind blows from high pressure to low pressure.
7
The most important of three major wind belts are the _______.
A)southeast trades
B)polar easterlies
C)northeast trades
D)westerlies
8
Which is a series of windy gusts formed when a downdraft hits Earth's surface with particularly strong force?
A)hail
B)squall
C)thunderstorm
D)tornado
9
Which are fast, powerful flows of wind imbedded in global wind systems?
A)sea breezes
B)subtropical highs
C)westerlies
D)jet streams
10
The _______ causes air to rise in the center of lows and to sink in the center of highs.
A)greenhouse effect
B)albedo
C)Coriolis effect
D)urban heat island
11
What are lines of equal temperature on a weather map called?
A)isohyets
B)isopycnal
C)isobars
D)isotherms
12
Which has great ranges in temperature and little ocean influence?
A)El Niño
B)continental climate
C)La Niña
D)maritime climate
13
_______ is an area of reduced precipitation on one side of a mountain range.
A)Lee rain shadow
B)Continental climate
C)Lake effect
D)Maritime climate
14
A climate with strong ocean influence is called a _______.
A)maritime climate
B)continental climate
C)warm climate
D)microclimate
15
What is the cryosphere?
A)water vapor found in the stratosphere
B)frozen water in snow, ice, and glaciers
C)liquid water in oceans, lakes, rivers, soil, and underground
D)the solid Earth, including its soil, rocks, and mantle
16
What are some factors causing ice ages?
A)orbital cycles
B)increase in ozone
C)decrease in water vapor content
D)deforestation
17
Where does El Nino originate?
A)Atlantic Ocean
B)Gulf of Mexico
C)Equatorial Pacific Ocean
D)Mexico
18
What chemical compound is responsible for the destruction of the ozone?
A)carbon dioxide
B)CFC (chlorofluorocarbons)
C)water vapor
D)pollution
19
What human activity is not increasing the process of desertification?
A)deforestation
B)overgrazing of livestock
C)crop irrigation
D)recycling
20
The Mauna Loa station recorded an increase of what trace gas over the last 50 years?
A)carbon dioxide
B)nitrogen
C)water vapor
D)argon
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