Indiana Science Grade 8

Chapter 19: The Nonliving Environment

Standardized Test Practice

1.
The abiotic factor that is a major ingredient of the fluid inside the cells of organisms is
A)air.
B)water.
C)soil.
D)sunlight.
2.
The diagram shows the

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A)rain shadow effect.
B)hot spot effect.
C)hydrothermal vent effect.
D)water cycle.
3.
The air at point B is

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A)dry and warm.
B)moist and cool.
C)moist and warm.
D)dry and cool.
4.
The process by which liquid water changes to water vapor is called
A)condensation.
B)transpiration.
C)the water cycle.
D)evaporation.
5.
Which of the following changes nitrogen gas into usable compounds?

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A)lightning
B)decomposing plants and animals
C)living plants
D)animal waste
6.
Where are nitrogen-fixing bateria found?

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A)in the guts of certain animals
B)in the roots of certain plants
C)in the leaves of photosynthesizing trees
D)in the atmosphere
7.
Through which process do producers remove carbon dioxide from the air?
A)nitrogen-fixation
B)respiration
C)photosynthesis
D)transpiration
8.
Which process releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?
A)decomposing plants and animals
B)nitrogen fixation
C)photosynthesis
D)burning fossil fuels
9.
The marmot in the diagram is an example of a(n)

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A)herbivore.
B)carninvore.
C)omnivore.
D)producer.
10.
Which diagram represents the amount of energy available at each feeding level in an ecosystem?
A)food chain
B)energy pyramid
C)food web
D)food pyramid
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