Indiana Science Grade 8

Chapter 9: Thermal Energy

Thermal Energy

1.
Which of the following statements is true?
A)The equation for converting from Celsius to Kelvin is: °C = K + 273.
B)Absolute zero is equal to 0°Celsius.
C)At 0°C, molecules have no kinetic energy.
D)Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature.
2.
What is the basis for the way a mercury thermometer measures temperature?
A)Forced convection occurs and the level of the mercury rises.
B)Molecular collisions cause the mercury to expand.
C)As the kinetic energy of the liquid mercury decreases, its volume increases.
D)The pressure of the surrounding material increases the potential energy of the mercury.
3.
You are plannning an experiment that must be conducted at a room temperature of 25°C. What temperature setting on the room thermostat should you select, if it uses the Fahrenheit scale?
A)70
B)68
C)46
D)77
4.
A(n) __________ is a material that does not allow heat to move through it easily.
A)fluid
B)current
C)insulator
D)conductor
5.
A(n) __________ is any device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy.
A)heat pump
B)engine
C)generator
D)refrigerator
6.
The opposite of evaporation is __________.
A)convection
B)radiation
C)condensation
D)conduction
7.
Which of the following conducts heat most effectively?
A)gas
B)solid
C)plasma
D)liquid
8.
The transfer of energy through matter by the direct contact of particles is called __________.
A)confluence
B)conduction
C)radiation
D)convection
9.
__________ is a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object.
A)Conduction
B)Radiation
C)Temperature
D)Density
10.
The __________ of a substance is the temperature at which a solid begins to liquefy.
A)heat of fusion
B)boiling point
C)melting point
D)heat of vaporization
11.
The energy required to change a liquid to a gas is __________.
A)heat of fusion
B)heat of sublimation
C)heat of vaporization
D)boiling point
12.
__________ is the transfer of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves.
A)Refraction
B)Conduction
C)Radiation
D)Convection
13.
Which of the following statements about thermal energy transfer is true?
A)Convection does not occur naturally.
B)When heat is transferred by conduction, particles collide but remain in the same location.
C)The Sun is the only source of radiation.
D)Convection takes place most easily in solids.
14.
If the particles in an object begin to move more quickly, their average kinetic energy __________ and the object's temperature __________.
A)decreases, rises
B)increases, falls
C)decreases, falls
D)increases, rises
15.
Which of the following is a form of matter?
A)energy
B)air
C)heat
D)light
16.
__________ is the thermal energy that flows from a material with a higher temperature to one with a lower temperature.
A)Work
B)Heat
C)Kinetic energy
D)Potential energy
17.
Which of the following is the result of convection?
A)snow melting in your hand
B)rain forests near the equator
C)Earth heated by the Sun
D)water boiling in a copper teakettle
18.
The amount of energy needed to change a substance from a solid phase to a liquid phase is __________.
A)heat of vaporization
B)melting point
C)heat of transformation
D)heat of fusion
19.
__________ is an increase in the size of a substance when the temperature is increased.
A)Thermal expansion
B)Buoyancy
C)Diffusion
D)Kinetic fusion
20.
__________ is the transfer of energy by the motion of heated particles in a gas or liquid.
A)Conduction
B)Convection
C)Collision
D)Radiation
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